Assignment : Paper 5 : The Romantic Literature

Hello Readers,


"Maharaja Krushnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University"



Name : Sanjay A. Dharaiya


Course : M.A.


Sem : 2


Year : 2019-2020


Roll : 24


Enrollment : 2069108420200009


Email id : dharaiy9@gmail.com


Paper 5 : The Romantic Literature


Topic : General Study of Keats’s Odes


Total word : 2036


Submitted to : S.B. Gardi Department of English MKB University



Question : Discuss about General Study of Keats’s Odes


Introduction :


John Keats was born on October 31, 1795. He lived only 25 years, and four months, though his poetic achievement is extraordinary. His writing career lasted a little over five years, and his three great odes, 'Odd on a Grecian n', de do to a nightingale, and 'Odd on-melancholy'. Most of his major poems were written between his 23 and 24 years, and he wrote all of his poems from his 25th year. Kit died of tuberculosis at the age of 25.

                       
(1)  Ode on a Grecian Urn :

‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’, is a poem poem written by English Romantic poet John Keats. Keats found earlier forms of poetry unsatisfactory for his purpose, and the collection represent a new development of the ode form. He was inspired to write the poem after reading two articles by English artist and writer Benjamin Haydon. Greek art was idealistic and captured Greek virtues, which forms the basis of the poem.

“Ode on a Grecian Urn” was not well received by contemporary critics. It was only by the mid 19th century that it began to be praised although it is now considered to be one of the greatest odes in the English language. ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’, portrays his attempt to engage with the static immobility of sculpture. The Grecian Urn passed down through countless centuries to the time of the speakers viewing, exists outside of time in the human sense, it does not age, it does not die, and indeed it is alien to all such concepts. In the speaker’s meditation, this creates an intriguing paradox for the human figures carved into the side of the urn. They are free from time, but they are simultaneously frozen in time. They do not have to confront again and death, but neither can they have experience.

In final two lines, in which the speaker imagines the urn speaking its message to mankind “Beauty is truth, truth beauty”, have proved among the most difficult to interpret in the Keats canon. If it is the urn addressing mankind, than the phrase has rather the weight of an important lesson, as though beyond all the complication of human life, all human beings need to know on earth is that beauty and truth are one and the same. It is largely matter of personal interpretation which reading to accept.


(2)  Ode to Psyche :

'Odd on a Grecian Urn' is a poem by English romantic poet John Keats. Keats found the earlier forms of poetry unsatisfactory for his purpose, and the collection represents a new development of the Odd form. After reading two articles by English artist and author Benjamin Hayden, he was inspired to write poetry. Greek art was idealistic and captured Greek qualities, which formed the basis of poetry.

"Odd on a Grecian Urn" was not well-liked by contemporary critics. It began to be appreciated only in the mid-19th century, though it is now regarded as one of the greatest in the English language. 'Odd on a Grecian orn', depicting his efforts in the stable of sculptures. The Greek ninner passed through countless centuries of eloquent speech, existed in the human sense beyond time, does not die, does not die, and is really alien to all such concepts. In the speaker's mind, this creates an interesting paradox for human figures carved next to the trend. They are free of time, but they freeze over time. They do not have to face death again and again, but neither can they gain experience.

In the final two lines, in which the speaker imagines the human being to convey the message of "beauty is truth, truth is beauty", interpretation in the kit canon proved to be among the most difficult. If it is the water that addresses mankind, since all the complexities of human life are outweighed by the weight of an important lesson in the sentence, all men on earth need to know that beauty and truth are the same. It is often a matter of personal interpretation that reading should be accepted.


(3)  Ode to Nightingale :


"Ode to a Nightingale" is a regular ode. Although poetry is fairly regular, it leaves the impression of being a kind of tragedy; Keats is allowing his thoughts and emotions to be freexpression. One idea implies the other and, thus, the poem somehow leads to an arbitrary conclusion. The poem impresses readers as a result of uncontrollable freesperation through a fantasy project. Poetry is the key to the act of sharing the experience that the reader has with the reader rather than remembering the experience. The experience is not entirely consistent. That is what happens in his mind when listening to the song of ight ningangle. The three main ideas in Odd are stand-by. One is the evaluation of life; Tears and frustrations are the valley of life. The happiness that Keatings heard in Taitingal's song made him happy for a moment, but he succeeded with the feeling of torrent, resulting in the assurance that life is not only painful, but unbearable. Became more aware of. Keats wanted to escape from life, not by wine, but by a powerful agent, the imagination.

The speaker of "Ode to Nightingale" Keats began a thorough and deep exploration of the themes of his creative expression and the morality of human life. In this ode, the change of life and the tragedy of old age are in front of the eternal renewal of Nightingale's fluid music. The speaker experienced "subtlety" which he experienced as 'Odd on indolence', which is a sign of disconnection from the experience; in "Nightingale" the instrument is a sign of complete attachment: "Be happy in your happiness", as the speaker calls Nightingale. Said; Listening to Nightingale's song, the speaker wants a 'draft' of vintage to take it out on its own. But after his focus in the third breast on the transformation of life, he "rejected the idea of ​​getting a chariot through Bacchus and his argument, and chose instead to embrace for the first time, because he refused to follow the parable in" Indolence." The rapture of the poetic inspiration coincides with the endless creative rapture of Nightingale's music and allows the speaker, from five to seven, to imagine himself with a bird in the dark forest. Acoustic music encourages the speaker to embrace the idea of ​​dying without pain, without ever being enticed into Nightingale's music and never experiencing pain and frustration. But when his attention causes him to pronounce the word "adulterous" when he returns to himself, he recognizes his fantasy of what it is - an imaginary escape from the inevitable. As the nightingale flies, the intensity of the speaker's experience has shaken it, making it unable to remember that it is sleep or sleep.

He can imagine the light of the moon, "But there is no light here", he knows that he is surrounded by flowers, but he cannot see "what flowers are feet." This repression will be found in his match "Ode on Grecian Urn", which is in many ways a companion poem to "Odd to Nightingale." In the later poem, the speaker art subject is not subject to any time constraints; In "Nightingale," he receives and puts his trust in creative expression, but that expression is a nightingale song without spontaneous and physical expression.


(4) Ode to Autumn :


One of the last poems written by Keats is "Two Autumn." His method of developing poetry is uniquely embodiment of autumn. Its autumn is early autumn, when all the products of nature have come to full maturity. Autumn is embodied and considered in a state of activity. In the first verse, autumn is a friendly plot to bring the sun to a state of fertility and maturity. In the second phase, autumn is a thresher sitting on the grainy floor, a riperslip in the grain area, a gleaner crossing the brook, and finally, a cider maker. In the finale, autumn is as eccentric as the composer's, and the music that produces autumn is as gnats, lambs, crickets, robins and melted spring as pleasant as your music. In the first art, Keats focuses on the fall locations, the grapes and the apples, the sojogards and the hazel nuts and blooming flowers. The second art emphasizes the characteristics of autumn, harvest, harvest, moisture and cider making. In closing, the poet emphasizes the sounds of autumn, produced by insects, animals and birds. To her ears, this music is as sweet as spring music. The poem ends artistically to coincide with the end of a day: "And the gathering skies in the sky." In the evening, swallows and at night are ready to return to their ships. "To Autumn" is sometimes called Odd, but Keats doesn't call it one. However, its structure is similar to its odes to the Andreem scheme Spring of 1819, and, like those oodles, is remarkable for its image richness. It is a festival of sights and sounds.
In both its form and descriptive surface, one of the odes of "Toot .Tom" kits is simple. There is nothing confusing or complicated for Keats' pawn until the autumn season, with his fruitiness, his flowers, and the song he swallows together to move. The extraordinary achievement of this poem lies in its ability to anticipate, and its quiet, gentle, and lovely description of autumn, where "Odd on Melancholy" presents itself, a daily observation of "till autumn" a compliment very quiet. Relevant to the activity, the collected themes of the quieter previous odds find a perfect and very beautiful expression.

"Autumn Two" takes you to where the other odds leave off. Like others, the speaker of the kitsch, in this case, especially shows the goddess paying homage to the perverted season of autumn. Your choice of this season clearly takes on topics and transformations of other regional topics: Autumn in Keats's Od is a time of warmth and plenty, but it is nearing the end of winter, as it is enjoyed. The "later flower", the crops are collected from the fields, the spring sheep are now "fully grown" and swallowed in the final line of the poem for their winter migration. The understated sense of irreparable loss in that last sentence makes it one of the most moving moments in all the poems; It can be read as a simple uncluttering summary of the entire human condition.

In this poem, the work of creation is depicted as a kind of self-harvest; The pen cultivates areas of the brain and the books are filled with the resulting "grain." In "Autumn", the metaphor is more developed; Tomorrow's fantasy that transmits poetry is facing a season of misery within its creativity. When the autumn harvest is over, the fields are barely open, the swaths cut with their "attached flower", the cider press is dry, the sky is empty. But this coupling of the harvest with the crotch softened the edge of the tragedy. In time, the spring will come again, the fields will sprout again, and the song of the bird will return. The development that the speaker has strongly opposed in "Indolence" is finally perfect: he has learned that the acceptance of morality is not destructive to the admiration of beauty, and that by accepting time, wisdom has been eroded.


   Conclusion :

In conclusion, we can say, Keats wishes, to die in nature - to 'hang on for half a night with no pain, but this was not his usual mood'. Keats demanded, in spite of such moments of pain, to live in nature and be content with one beautiful thing after another. He had a way of moving butterfly fashion from one object to another, for the moment everything's charm - the touch of fancy work that was never at home. Kits all the odds, it is very difficult to understand, and all his odes are very famous in the romantic age.