Friday, 30 April 2021
Friday, 12 February 2021
Thinking Activity : one Night at the call center
Thinking Activity : one Night at the call center :-
Hello readers
Here is on my blog. This blog related to chetan Bhagat's book " One Night @ the Call Center. This is a novel written by Chetan Bhagat and first published in 2005. Chetana wrote this book to inspire India’s young generation to change their country by aspiring higher goals in their lives.
Globalization and Chetan Bhagat's One Night @ the Call Center :-
The twentieth century is the age of globalization and India cannot escape the effects of such a change. Globalization is beneficial for India's development. Frustration due to economic conditions of workers and laborers, job insecurity, job dissatisfaction, black money, black marketing and many other such issues are the consequences of globalization. It's means the growing interaction of people, states or countries through the international flow of money, ideas and culture. In the novel Shyam, Varam, Esha, Radhika, Priyanka, Lashkari Uncle, six all the characters work in a call center in Delhi Haryana. The novel reflects globalization as the novel takes place in the fast growing city of Haryana. In the novel we have call center staff who are techno-friendly. When working in a call center, they all have to work with a computer screen and handle calls. Where they have to talk to foreigners all night long. They are helping foreigners fix the problem of home appliances. They are connecting with the global world and will act as a human resource, sharing ideas.
Due to globalization, the movement of people, goods and economy has increased in the national line. Bhagat depicts this atmosphere very comfortably in the works quoted above. There we see people moving around frequently. The six ONCC workers are picked up every night by a call center car from their respective homes in Delhi, and dropped off at their workplace in Gurgaon, and vice-president when their duty ends in the morning. This transport consumes about five hours of their daily life. Bakshi, the manager of the call center, is almost dying to get a job in Boston.
The state of globalization in the background against which the stories are made. Globalization has brought new things that have changed the lifestyle of the country and the individuals. To make this point clearer and more probable, the paper presents the imaginary creations of Bhagat mentioned in the title in a deductive manner. First he talks about the aspects of globalization and from there relates them to the tasks under consideration. Cities and urban zones are at the core of the development strategy of globalization. It is the ground where all the factors conducive to globalization can come together and show results. In order to achieve the socio-economic, political-cultural integration of the world's population, developed cities are the demand of the time. Bhagat's stories depict the scene of globalization of Indian cities. In its "One Night Call Center" we come across fast-growing city structures like Gurgaon (Haryana), where a large number of apartments and commercial malls are now under construction, where people feel they are missing out on construction sites. There are long and wide highways here, which make the journey much easier. Many efforts are underway to remove structural barriers to facilitate the process of globalization.
Conclusion :-
Thus Bhagat's fictional works: One Night @ Call Center and 2 States reflect the changing urban realities of India in globalization. Through these works Bhagat depicts fast-growing cities and urban zones with all the global factors affecting the lives, experiences, dreams and attitudes of today’s youth. Bhagat very comfortably portrays women’s empowerment as the positive effects of globalization, at the same time, consumerism, declining values and the growing fears and anxieties of urban Indians, as some of these negative controls cannot escape his piercing observations. The above works can be considered as subjective fantasy stories of changing citizens.
Friday, 4 December 2020
Assignment 09 The Modernist Literature
Name :- Dharaiya Sanjay A.
Roll no :- 25
Enrolment no :- 2069108420200009
Semester- M. A. Semester - 3
Paper no :- 09
Topic :- Characteristics of ‘The Modern Age’:
Year :- 2020- 2021
Words:- 1657
Email :- dharaiy9@gmail.com
Submitted to :- S. B. Gardi Department of English. Maharaja krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar Uni.
About the Modern literature:
The origins of modernist literature date back to the late 19th century and early 20th century. There is a very unique and different character about modernity in the modern age. In both poetry and prose literature, the age is characterized by a self-conscious break with traditional ways of writing. Transformation in this age and the complete transition of people's lives into social and private things. It is a very radical change in the human mind and thoughts. Modern literature is a compromise of the Victorian era. It is very interesting that this era is a complete change like Old to New, blinded by this kind of thinking. Here I want to discuss the general characteristics of age. So, let us discuss in detail:
Some of the characteristics give as:
1) Anxiety and Interrogation
2) Art for Life’s Sake
3) Growing Interest in Poor and the Working Classes
4) Impact of Socio-Economic Condition on Literature
5) Psychology and Literature
6) The Impact of the Two World Wars
7) International Character of Literature
8) The Influence of Radio,Cinema,and Television
9) Conclusion
[1] Interrogation and Anxiety:
The 20th century is known as the age of inquiry and anxiety. The scientific revolution of this century shook man's faith in religion and the authority of the church. The social, moral, political and economic landscape was changing rapidly. People weren’t willing to accept anything without being tested on a causal touchstone. Modern industrial and technological advances gave birth to a spirit of competition. This led to frustration, anxiety and sophistication. The literature of this period reflects all these tendencies.
The modern age is also famous as anxiety and inquiry. Various changes took place in this era; Scientific revolution and rational thought etc. Religion and church became rights during this time. All these have been established during this time. During this era, Pati claims the freedom and action of the people. This Edge Man and Woman gives their thoughts on extraordinary enthusiasm, experimentation and improvement. At this time the modern industrial gives birth to the competition of industrial and technological spirit. Here we can say that this age is very useful for the modernization of the world, these were the main tendencies of concern and introduction in the literature of the modern age.
[2] Art's for Life's Sake:
In the modern age, the principle of art was rejected for the purpose of art. The principle of art for the sake of life was established. Shaw in the field, H.G. The contributions of Wells and Kipling are memorable. Writers of the modern age, they rejected "art for the sake of art". Art is a form of self-expression. Many people use it to express their feelings and emotions towards aggression and happiness or abnormality - all the emotions that are in the soul of every person, the author has focused his attention on all the problems of the modern age. Modern literature is totally dependent on reality and the things inherent in it. The modern age has been furthered by scientific exploration. The problem was exacerbated in the real literature of the modern age. H. G. Wells and Rudyard Kipling with the building and flow of his empire.
[3] Growing interest in the poor and the working classes:
The beginning of the 20th century marks the end of middle class supremacy. The poor were no more helpless creatures. They challenged the social end conscience. They became the raw material of real novel and drama. Thus this era shows the growing interest of the people in the poor and the working class. During the year 1900, we can mark the beginning of the middle class supremacy. Is the standard of writing and writing of middle class people. The society aroused the desire of the poor working class to take collective action to improve the living conditions. Middle Victorian writers, Dickens, Thackeray, Kingsley, Reed, Mrs. Gaskell, etc... are all writing on critical thinking on the poor working class. Working class members depend entirely on their income from labor, thus, according to more broad definitions, early 20th-century writers "questioned every aspect of life in every way." This is a genesis' introverted habit of the mind.
[4] Impact of socio-economic conditions on literature:
In modern times literature has been greatly influenced by economic and more social changes. In modern times martial and canines, they are raising their voices against poverty. The way they change the way economics thinks. Finally, the literature review focuses on two systematic and basic macro-level features: the extent of uniformity between schools, and the degree of centralization of education standards and norms in society. Economic and social changes influenced 20th century literature. Rapid industrial development changed the social and economic landscape. The landing aristocracy and farm laborers were in great trouble. Young villagers began migrating to industrial cities. There was a complete breakdown of the rural lifestyle. Urbanization changed the way of social relations. Money became a major factor in all-human relations. Economists speak out against poverty. Changing ways of social behavior influenced literature. Marxism and socialism came into existence and they influenced the writers of that period. Literature is very useful during the time it is for all people. In this age it has become like urban. The modern age We all know that Marxism has a very influential influence on literature and the writer.
5) Psychology and literature :
There is a new psychology in the modern age and all this research has influenced the literature. It is an intellectual belief that is supposed to be rational in emotional aspects. The growing interest in psychology is influenced by literature. At this point sexual behavior has completely changed. Literature and psychology are the two branches of science that study the human soul. Psychology conducts research on human behavior and its causes while literature depicts human behavior through literature. Rational perspectives on sexual relations are also involved in this time. The ‘flow of consciousness’ is provided by psychology and the theory of sexuality. The Virginia Woolf, for example, is also influenced by psychoanalysis and sexuality yoga.
6) The impact of the two world wars:
At that time there was the influence of world war in all ages. During this time the post-war period is known as the 'Depression'. The article evaluates World War II, which has been responsible for Europe's development since 1945. It seeks to affect wars that can clearly have a direct impact on the effects of wars that can already be seen as a result of changes affecting war-fighting. Europe, and post-war developments, such as the Cold War and the European Union. This time we realize that unemployment is the basis of time. The modern times we know as the two wars are mostly famous and mentioned by the authors. In detail we can see that the special effect of the Second World War on man and human life. It makes a difference in the lives of all people. In The Heroes of the Age the author writes about World War II in his literary work. Big Book writes about anti-war books and after two wars. We can read about the futility and sanctity of World War I in the ‘Undertones of War.' Then we can say that these features are very useful and ideal for the readers. We can note the impact of the two world wars on modern day literature. After the frustrations of the First World War, want and unemployment have increased. The League of Nations was established to establish world peace. Despite this effort, World War II began. England also suffered a big loss. He then wrote a large number of anti-war books. These books exposed the futility and hollowness of war.
7)international character of literature:
Literature in the Victorian era was associated with the state of England. It is influenced by the spirit of nonviolent humanism. There is an international character in the literature of the early 20th century. They are presented as derivatives of ordinary characters living in the periphery of the anthropomorphic or ordinary world. His Raisin D'Tray always remains to act as the main characters or villains. Humanitarian was frustrated Ness was displaced by partisan propaganda. Hudson also gives an idea of this issue in English literature.
8)the influence of radio,cinema and television :
We all know that in our routine life we can all use different resources like internet, mobile and television etc. Technology has the power to influence not only education, but also culture, religion and individual ideas and beliefs. When the world's population continues to grow, our global world seems to be shrinking because we have been able to connect with people in a way we never imagined. Development is very influential in cinema, radio, literature. If we think about radio it brings literature to our home. It aims to provide a variety of broadcast narratives, plays and literary discussions. “Radio broadcasting is one of the greatest educational tools ever put at the disposal of a civilized man. It is an instant, universal medium of communication. The oldest mediums available to teachers are known as ‘visual education’ or ‘visual instruction’ because they do not yet link sound progress. The same cinema is useful for our better film comprehension techniques is the number of experiments. Here we see that the use and need of radio television is how to help in our work. Radio and cinema greatly influenced literature in the modern era. The radio was bringing literature home. It opened a whole new field for writers. Cinema also played an important role. The invention of the engine and telegraph, fast and cheap intercommunication resulted in an intellectual revolution. Printing was multiplied and cheaper.
Conclusion
The literature of the new age is the reconstruction of the literature OS challenges and new values. It is an exciting age for writers. Age is marked for a specific break with age.
Monday, 30 November 2020
Assignment 10 The American Literature
Name :- Dharaiya Sanjay A.
Roll no :- 25
Enrolment no :- 2069108420200009
Semester- M. A. Semester - 3
Paper no :- 10
Topic :- Themes of The Old man and the Sea
Year :- 2020- 2021
Words:- 1528
Email :- dharaiy9@gmail.com
Submitted to :- S. B. Gardi Department of English. Maharaja krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar Uni.
Topic : Themes of The Old man and the Sea
Introduction:-
The Old Man and the Sea is a novel written by Ernest Hemingway in Cuba in 1951 and published in 1952. It was the last major work of literature to be produced by Hemingway and published in his lifetime. It is one of his most famous works and has its centers on Santiago, an elderly fisherman. He struggles against Marlin far out to sea. The Old Man and the Sea were awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Literature in 1953 and were cited by the Nobel Committee in 1954 for their contribution to the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Themes :-
Hemingway’s lifelong interest and expertise in athletic activities and physical adventures such as fishing, bullfighting and hunting in the deep sea give further information to his literary work. The idea of their skills includes strength, physical prowess and perseverance. Many of its heroes combine these qualities, strive towards them or suffer from their loss. Old Man and Seat Se Kals themes that occupied Hemingway for his entire life.
Perseverance :-
The Old Man and sea explain the theme of being different in different ways and at different levels. First, even if the old man does not catch the fish in 84 days, he will not mourn his fate or be angry with his opponents. Instead, denying the length of his bad luck, the old man keeps going to the fish, trying harder to catch more fish than anyone else in the open sea. Second, like the old man, Marlon also does not surrender and does not go into the stomach, but uses his size and power to pull the old man's bar further into the sea, thus making him a formidable opponent. Third, beating largely by Morlin’s size and strength, Santiago defeated the mighty fish, as it is willing to endure fatigue, hunger, thirst and pain. The same willpower enables the old man to wait for the strength of his opponent, the same will to be able to play a flawless game to the hero of the old man, despite the same painful injuries. Eventually, when the shark attacks and feeds the marlin until nothing is left, the old man, despite losing his weapon with each encounter, has nothing but a fist to cut or stop them.
Pain and Suffering :-
The theme of pain and suffering is intricately linked to perseverance and appears in many ways. Pain is the price a fisherman must pay for a plentiful catch. The old man's hands are stained with stains, speaking of a lifelong history of struggle with opponents at sea. Throughout the story, it becomes clear that while these marks are indeed a sign of age, hardship and suffering, they are also a sign of strength, determination and victory. No pain, no gain: In the context of this story, the phrase implies that any proper catch comes with bodily bodily bodily injuries cutting off a fisherman's arm, hand, face, and back while holding the fish. Try. To be a fisherman is to suffer.
However, the theme of pain and suffering goes deeper. The ability to endure pain and suffering sets humans apart from other creatures. Despite being a strong opponent, Marlin eventually gives in and allows himself to be pulled inside while the old man continues to suffer from physical fatigue, three painful bruises, stretched arms and hunger after eating raw fish. Moreover, its ability to endure pain and suffering sets Santiago apart from other fishermen. In the same way that Jim Dimigiver suffers painful injuries to pull an unparalleled hit, Santiago rejects obstacles that smaller, stronger and potentially more successful fishermen do not try. None of the fish that Santiago is as big, strong, and magnificent has yet arrived. The old man’s ability to endure pain and suffering establishes him as a hero who rises above others.
Circle of Life :-
Life and death are the leading themes in The Old Man and the Sea. The old man muses that the sea, which is nature’s own symbol, is at once beautiful and cruel because it gives life and takes it away. Sea turtles swallow jellyfish, fight fights, sharks eat merlin and males catch fish. Each animal has its place in the food chain that continues the circle of life. The death of one animal provides life for another. The apparent opposing forces of life and death are in fact the perfect balance.
However, there is another aspect to this theme. Even though Santiago appreciates the circle of life and recognizes his own place within it, he will fight hard to rise above it and survive. He risks his life to live longer than anyone who catches a fish big enough to provide meat to eat out and sell. He defended his grip against the shark, to satisfy the excessive bleeding that killed the deadly creatures. Fishing is Santiago’s livelihood; That's all he can do to make a living. While nature keeps the opposing forces in perfect balance, life and death are the poles that mark individual life. Hemingway shows that the human being who distinguishes himself from other living beings has a constant desire to be a person. The old man, who lives alone in his hut, explains the human condition: the struggle against death that every man must fight on his own.
Physical Strength and Skill :-
As his weather-beaten body shows, Santiago is not as strong as he used to be. However, in his epic struggle with Merlin, the old man completes that loss of vitality and strength with the best knowledge and skills. He knows how to read nature, he knows how to operate the line to predict the movement of a fish, and he knows how to interpret these movements. That’s not all - he also knows himself and his limitations. He knows how to move himself forward and how to cope with the terrible effects of a long struggle on his physical strength. He knows exactly when to eat and when to rest, and he uses his skills to overcome his limitations. When he loses one weapon after another while fighting a shark, the old man uses the resources at his disposal to create temporary weapons that keep him alive. However, throughout the story, it has become clear that despite the old man's physical strength, skills and willingness to take risks, he lacks luck and therefore cannot achieve material success.
Pride, Honor, and Respect :-
Although the old man is polite and seems to care a little about the opinions of other fishermen, he is proud of his skills and seeks recognition for them. After all, he wants Manolin to be with him, not only to help him fish and overcome loneliness, but also to show what kind of man the boy is and to witness the biggest catch of his life. The catch is so great because the size, strength and perseverance of the fish - Marlin pulls the rock for many days - makes him a worthy opponent to the old man's respect. Defeating him in conflict demands respect from others in return for everything the old man takes. It does not matter if it does not fulfill the original purpose of returning with the meat to catch, eat and sell the fish. The admiration of the villagers for the magnificent skeleton attached to the crowd of the old man shows that honest defeat brings honor. It is a struggle that counts, one has all the strength to prepare, no matter what the outcome.
The Honour in Struggle Defeat and Death:-
From the very first paragraph, Santiago is classified as a fighter against defeat. He has earned the honor in eighty-four days without catching a fish - he will soon pass his own record of thirty-eight days. Almost reminiscent of Santiago's struggle, his journey to revelation feels like a "flag of permanent defeat." But the old man refuses to give up at every turn: he decides to get out of the other fishermen where the biggest fish is promised. He set an eighty-seven day record after a three-day brutal fight, and that shark continued to stabilize its prey, even though it knew the battle was futile.
The man and The Natural world:-
The old man is unique in his relationship and understanding with the natural world. She is a woman who knows about the sea, knows birds as friends, sharks as personal enemies. He investigates the relationship between turtles and jellyfish, fish and birds. Animals and the natural world become lenses through the way we examine the old man: they become illustrations and analogies to gain an understanding of his character. The old man justifies his actions and the actions of others and interprets the things they are “born to do” We see a sense of inevitability in these thoughts.
• Conclusion:-
Old Man and the Sea is the most famous novel by Ernest Hemingway, considered himself one of the greatest American writers. His other works include For Whom Bell the Old Man and Sean, perhaps Ernest Hemingway's most famous novel, considering himself one of the greatest American writers. His other works include For Whom Bell Tiles and A Farewell to Arms.
Sunday, 29 November 2020
Assignment 11 The post colonial literature
Roll no :- 25
Enrolment no :- 2069108420200009
Semester :- M. A. Semester - 3
Paper no :- 11 The Post -Colonial literature
Topic :- Note on "The Black skins and white masks."
Year :- 2020- 2021
Words:- 1224
Email :- dharaiy9@gmail.com
Submitted to :- S. B. Gardi Department of English. Maharaja krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University
The black man entering France reads the legend of Martini, who swallows what works on him and enters into an open conflict with him. There is a psychological phenomenon that involves believing that the world will open up when borders are broken. They meet and talk. And newcomers are quickly given the floor as they wait for it. Wearing European clothes it is often original. French floor woman and a “The Power of Language” And even if Monsieur Breton was telling the truth, I don't see where the contradiction is. I don’t see why there should be any emphasis because all the time is MartiniCanaga after Krisier. French will represent the refuge of the language as the second language they have learned. Black will respond We should respect that a white man like Breton writes such things about us.
The Woman Color and The White Man:-
Man is a movement of love that is a gift of the self, the final stage which is commonly called the moral approach. Every consciousness seems to be able to show evidence of these two elements simultaneously or alternately. Analysts and epistemologists have a hard time understanding the extraordinary phenomenon of this order and man has true love, real love. This chapter is devoted to the relationship between a woman of color and a European man. We will try to determine the extent to which authentic love will be impossible until this feeling of inferiority or this Adler is aroused.
"I would have liked to marry a white man. Simply, colored in the eyes of every right to be related. Apart from this in a sense it is brought into the corner. Expect this to exist. Mayotte, a woman named Capelin, whose inspiration followed, the reasons for which are hard to understand, sat down and wrote 202 pages on her life, the most ridiculous of which. Mayotte loves the white man unconditionally. He is fat. He asks for nothing, considering nothing but a little whiteness in his life. And then she asks herself if she is generous or ugly. Those writers "Everyone knows she has blue eyes, blond hair, pale complexion and I love her." And the black man has fear and blue eyes.
The Man of colour and the White Woman :
White woman like white man. She says she likes white man saying she loves him like a white man because he was a white man. Her love opens the famous path that leads to perfect fulfillment. White culture and merit become mine. Thirty years ago a dark-skinned black man in full coats with a live blonde aimed at a live blonde
"We will try to understand the case of the black man" will study the attitude of the black man in depth. This is the thread of the matter. "He doesn't understand his gender." And “Negroes from their colonies also do not hold the key to the black man who shaped their image. Unable to unify the uninitiated without anyone noticing he begins to communicate with the dead or at least is absent. "Nigra, we want to be like a lot of white boys." The Negroes adopted Mather Ther Land and they too are ashamed of a white man and in this way we come to grips and adopt the language and whiteness, which is not the birth contained on it, it does not seem that the over-mindedness determined by society goes away and They think that one becomes good and superior to society.
She needs a white man after she cools a brother they don't become black men. Listen to Jean's tendency to recover from a lack of confidence in the past and an impossibility to explain himself which can describe a small hothouse kind of frustration. At the end of the chapter see how a woman looks at a man not only in color, but also in other quilts. Black men are no different than black and white.
A key element in the postcolonial agenda is to disassemble Eurocentric standards of literary and artistic values and expand literary theory to include colonial and subsequent authors. And at the moment we are analyzing Fenon's book 'Black Skin, White Mask'. The book is divided into several chapters. Each chapter has its own significance. They deal with the mental aspect. It includes the status of black people and their mentality.
Franz Fanon was influenced by many thinkers and traditions, including Jean-Paul Paul Sarre, Lacan, Negritude and Marxism. He was influenced by Aim Caesar, the leader of the Neglected Movement, an admired teacher and mentor on the island of Martinique. Fanon referred to Caesar's writing as his own composition.
Conclusion
In black skin white masks the phenons display in one color and they give power to their skin but it is just a mask but sets the mind that white man is a culture and they greet others and an essay on "Black Skin White Mask." I summarize my topics with the question, why do people think that white people are fair and good and black people are bad?
Assignment :- 12 English Language Teaching - 1
Roll no :- 25
Enrolment no :- 2069108420200009
Semester :- M. A. Semester - 3
Paper no :- 12 ( English Language Teaching - 1)
Topic :- Second Language Teacher Education by Donald Freeman
Year :- 2020- 2021
Words:- 1739
Email :- dharaiy9@gmail.com
Submitted to :- S. B. Gardi Department of English. Maharaja krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University.
Field In terms commonly used in the field, these formal formal activities are usually teacher training, while the teacher is primarily known as teacher development, on a voluntary individual basis.
His is the central English teaching and English language teacher of his enterprise.
The shift in Termin terminology is due to L2 teacher education, at least for the last 30 years.
The field of teacher education is relatively one of the least researched in the teaching of both second and foreign languages.
Teaching Language education makes little comparison with the literature on issues such as the methods and techniques of literature on teacher teaching.
Worked further with the Professional Professional Meeting to establish a major interest in teacher education in the field and to clarify the central issue.
Introduction to teacher education materials and processes Presents a large set of current problems of teacher education.
The shift in terminology, at least for the last 30 years, is due to L2 teacher education. The four-word concept is thought to be an awkward combination of subject matter and professional process. In this hybrid, the person of the teacher and the teaching-learning processes have often been overshadowed. As the relative emphasis is placed, the focus between these four words shifts from the ‘teacher’ person, the subject, from the ‘second language’, to the learning process or ‘teaching’, thus, capturing the evolution of L2 teacher education in the field. Imagine. Until the late 1980s, the emphasis was on L2 teacher education. The primary focus was on the contribution of various academic disciplines - e.g. Linguistics, psychology and literature which made a person an 'L2 teacher.
Along with professional meetings, the teacher in the field served to establish a core interest in education and to clarify central issues. Thus, this line, L2 teacher education, and to examine teacher education in its own way in L2, emphasized the processes of teacher education. The teacher presents a large set of issues defining the content and processes of teaching. How people teach and the multiple influences of past experiences of teacher-learners, the school context they must enter and the career path they will follow (e.g. Freeman and Richards 1996), among others, an equally complex set of research and implementation Anxiety. Combining these two is the third critical area of work to achieve a fully effective teacher education intervention.
The irony is that L2 teacher education itself has very little concern about how people actually learn to teach. Rather, the focus has traditionally been on the subject matter what teachers should know and to a lesser degree on pedagogy how they should teach it. The notion that there is a learning process that undergarments, if not pointed out, is that teacher education is very recent. There are many reasons for this gap between teacher education and teacher education. Some research has to do with patterns and methods that are used to build value and our current knowledge-producing knowledge. In the case of teacher education, these examples raise questions about how education is defined and studied in education and how teacher education relates to the study of education.Other reasons are linked to history. In the case of L2 teacher education, these reasons have raised the issue of how the so-called 'parent' laboratory's linguistics - cognitive and experimental psychology - and first language editing have defined what language teachers need. Need to know and be able to do what should be. Still other reasons are associated with efforts to legalize education through professionalization and research-driven establishment, such as to improve study performance, as opposed to the knowledge gained from the study.
There are many problems with this knowledge-dissemination views Primarily, it is based on the transfer of knowledge and skills from the teacher education program to the classroom to improve learning. Thus, this view, or discount, observes that teacher learning occurs from the beginning of the job-business in teaching practices. Further, it does not take into account what the teaching teachers know about education and how they learn more than service-receiving, during their service career through professional teacher education.
Tensions between researchers and practitioners, who could be called 'colonialists', fueled a shift in research patterns and agendas in education. New directions of research began to emerge in the mid-1970s, with teachers seeking to describe the cognitive processes used in teaching. Thoughts, judgments, and decisions with different labels, these processes were examined to see how they shaped teachers' behaviors, interactions, and curricula In this interpretive or hermeneutical research paradigm, teachers were supposed to conduct their work thoughtfully, rationally, drawing relevant information about their students, curricula, school cultures, policies, which were filtered by their own beliefs, judgments, and values. Strongly with this change, however, teachers themselves were at least included in these research and documentation processes. In fact, research focuses on finding imaginative patterns of teacher thinking that can be used to educate new teachers to understand, analyze, and change the way classroom programs are used by effective teachers.
Background research plays an important role. Through research we find that students have different opinions. When we get different opinions at that time, we find out how people believe in different ideas, and through this research we get a little idea. We know about their knowledge, their point of view, their ability. And we communicate with them. That’s why they also clarify about research. We resolve their doubts only through communication and interaction. So congratulations become an important tool for teacher congratulations. And there are some controversies through this conversation, through these controversies we find that there are advantages and some negatives. So research becomes more useful. In teaching, method becomes more important. Because students learned a lot through this method. And that's why it's important. And as a teacher it becomes necessary, whether the student understands or not, the students ’point of view is important, creating a slightly healthier environment. This responsibility on the teacher. And students also get the courage to speak up, and it becomes active, and they participate, get involved and they also give suggestions. Their participation and their involvement is an essential and most important part. It also depends on the teacher, how they treat the students, their behavior becomes important. The environment plays an important role in the learning process. Some new techniques are created and applied and then the environment motivates students to do something. Through the teaching process, the learning process also takes place. And the teacher gets more innovative ideas. And through practice we learn. So practice also becomes important. And more practice gives more benefits and later it becomes perfect. Through new technologies, it brings a new change, it becomes completely new and strong for the students that is why they are the stars of interest.
Acknowledging the existence of prior knowledge in teacher education has led to a direct serious reconsideration of the role of institutional context in teaching. Clearly teacher-learner ideas about teaching from their experiences as students in the context of schools; Similarly, their new methods as teachers are also shaped by this institutional environment. The question is, what is the role of schools in teaching? In general, little attention has been paid to how socio-cultural powers and values in this institutional environment can shape, hinder, promote, or discourage new teachers. Pre-service teacher education The school is considered as a place where teacher-learners go to teach in practice or internships and eventually work. Classrooms, students and schools are seen as settings in which the teacher-learners can implement what they are learning or the teacher has learned in formal teacher teaching. This tension - the time between specific needs and broad professional development, between the school and the teacher education institution, and between the teacher-learners and the knowledge of what they believe and what they should know will always be at the center of the provision of teacher education. However, the more teacher educators can account for time, space and prior knowledge in the design of their programs, the more successful these programs are likely to be.
Conclusion
One of the assumptions of teacher education is that access to programs and activities is the key to success. From this point of view, teaching is seen as a by-product of competent teacher-learners and teacher educators, and well-designed design and materials. Thus, in the broadest sense, teacher education is largely based on a training strategy to teach people how to do the work of teaching.