The Purpose by T.P. Kailasam

Indian Writing In English: The Purpose by T. P. Kailasam :

Hello Readers...

Here is my answer on 'The purpose' by T. P. Kailasam task given by Vaidehi ma'am Haryani. Click here to read about this task.

About T.P. Kailasam: 

Born: 29 July 1884, Mysuru

Died: 1946, Bengaluru

Kailasam was born in a Tamil family in southern Karnataka, India. His father T Paramasiva served as Munsif in the Mysore State Service and went on to become Chief Justice of the Mysore High Court. His father's brother was a Madras High Court judge, Sir T.K. Sadasiva was a lyer.

 kailasam had a good education and was supported by the Maharaja of Mysore to study geology in London. Kailasam repeated several classes to excuse his investment in England. He spent six years in school there, attending theater whenever possible.

  Upon his return he joined the Government Geology Service. He became fascinated by government jobs and quit writing plays and leading a bohemian life. His father had failed in an ambitious plan to become the director general of the geology department, so they stopped talking to him.

About Play : The Purpose :

Kailasam has dealt with the caste conflict  of the society of his time.for this " purpose " he attepted to bring  into limelight marginalized character such  as Eklavya. This story based on Adiparva from the Mahabharata...The story moves around Eklavya and Arjuna and their  purpose  behind  learning  archery.

This play 'The purpose' based on Indian great epic Mahabharata's adiparva. But here kailasam's perspective different from great Ved vyas. Here kailasam speak about Eklavya's purpose and his perspective.

Question: (1). Compare and Contrast Arjun and Eklavya's Character.

The Purpose by T.P.Kailasam is based on the Mahabharata. But here the story of Kailasam is presented differently. Ekalavya is the protagonist of this play. The play from a singular point of view. He is given a voice here. Arjun is Kshatriya. It belongs to powerful high performers. He is an arrogant and arrogant prince. On the other hand, Ekalavya is a poor guy in the lower cast. He is the boy of Nishad. We can see that Arjun wants to be the greatest archer in the world and Ekalavya explains that he wants to learn archery to save the lives of innocent animals. The perspective is different. We can say that Arjun's motive behind learning archery is self-centered while the purpose of Ekalavya is Noble. In the Mahabharata, Arjun is the main character but here we can see that Ekalavya appeared as the main character.To save guru from social criticism Ekalavya gives his thumb as a gurudakshina. We feel pity for character of Ekalavya.

The similarity between the two characters is that both became the best archer in the world. However, the objective is the same, the purpose is different. Arjun has a personal purpose and Ekalavya aims to protect innocent animals. The play's purpose is "The Purpose," properly given by the playwright, with the center of the story.

Now let us talk about the contradiction or difference between these two characters Ekalavya and Arjuna; That both of these characters have their own aspects and different views about the purpose of learning archery. In his childhood, Ekalavya tells Arjun that Arjun cannot repair him and that he will continue archery as he does at that time. This shows that the only self-learner and fast learner are comparatively slow learners of various Arjuna. Ekalavya never loses his temper in the small matters, Various Arjuna is in a hurry.

Question: (2). What is Subaltern? Who do you think is the Subaltern in this play? Explain with examples.

'Subaltern' is originally a term for secondary officers in the military hierarchy that is widely used in Antonio Gramsci's work to refer to groups that are outside the structure of political representation. Subaltern was first used in the non-military sense by the Marxist Antonio Gramsci. It has also been asserted that the word Sabaltran is an indication of the work of the Italian Marxist Antonio Gransky that literally refers to any person or group or secondary position and station, whether because of race, class, gender, sexual orientation or religion.

We can say that the only thing in this play is a subtlerton because it belonged to a lower caste, it is marginalized to some other boy. Subaltern means the person whose voice is unheard and oppressed, and neglected. In this play, Eklavya is subaltern because his voice is suppressed and Dronacharya refused to teach him archery because he is Nishadha.

Question: (3). Write your views about Education system in India with reference to Past and Present time.

The child leaves the house and they stay with the guru in the gurukul. No fees were charged for education. Physical functions were the most important in that education system. The Guru has given works to all students in the Ashram and also in the forest. All the children acted on their own interest. But the most important thing is that we find out that the current and past education system is the caste system. In the past, Guru has given admission to the students who belong to the upper class in the Ashram. We too want a similar system in The Purpose. Arjun is a high caste woman. Therefore, Guru Dronacharya promised him to learn the best archery in the world. On the other hand, Ekalavya is a lower caste as a boy. Therefore, Guru Dronacharya forbade him to learn archery. But the purpose of learning the archery of solitude is to protect the animals of the forest, not their own. He made an idol of Guru Dronacharya and studied his archery.

Question: (4). Is Dronacharya an ideal teacher? If yes, then how? and If No, then Why? Explain with examples.

No, Dronacharya is not the ideal guru because the guru is a reflective personality and there is no difference between the students for the guru. And here Dronacharya makes the difference so that he is not the ideal guru. Because there is equal opportunity for all students on this earth to get education and you are a teacher then your duty is to study all students equally. Otherwise you don't look your way properly.

Question: (5). Write something about your experience like Eklavya or Arjuna with any teacher during your study phase till now.(Not necessary to mention any name).

This question is very beautiful question by Vaidehi Mem. I am very happy to share my experience that I have never had a eklavya or Arjun's same as experience during my time of study till now in life, but yes one thing I would like to share with you is that there are some teachers in my life who are not only educated. I have a huge contribution to my life shape in real life too. I am forever grateful to him.

                                            Thank you...📖 📖 📖

Girish Karnad : Controversial Obituaries

Girish Karnad : Controversial Obituaries:

Hello Readers.....

Welcome in  my blog on Girish karanad : Controversial Obituaries. A sunday reading task is given by Dilip Barad sir,

This blog is the response of the blog written on the obituaries of the death of Girish Karnad, by Dr. Dilip Barad. Click here to visit blog.

Girish karnad: 

Born : 19 may 1938

Died : 10 June 2019

Girish Karnad  was an Indian actor, film director, Kannada writer, playwright and a Rhodes Scholar, who predominantly worked in South Indian cinema and Bollywood. His rise as a playwright in the 1960s, marked the coming of age of modern Indian playwriting in Kannada, just as Badal Sarkar did in Bengali, Vijay Tendulkar in Marathi, and Mohan Rakesh in Hindi. He was a recipient of the 1998 Jnanpith Award, the highest literary honour conferred in India.

Notable Work:

• Hayavadana

• Tughlaq

• Yayati

• Anju Mallige

Awarded:

• Central Sangiteeth Natak Academy      Award for his play Hayavadana

• Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay Award      in 1978.

• Samaskara film award

• Gnanpith Award

Girish Karnad, who died at the age of 81, was India's leading playwright, a successful film director and popular actor, appearing in Arthouse films as well as hit Bollywood movies like Ek Tha Tiger.

At the Tata Literary Festival in Mumbai in 2012, Karnad was invited to speak about "his life in the theater" in an hour long session. Instead of talking about the subject, for "reaction to Indian Muslims." Took the opportunity to hit Naipaul. Naipaul was previously awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award by the organizers of the festival. Karnad also criticized the organizers for honoring Naipaul.

The audience gathered to hear Karnad's speech gave mixed reactions to the speech. Some, like organizer Anil Dharker, made an ineffective attempt to lead the speech to less controversial waters. Others were delighted by this episode, and some commented on the research and logic that went into the speech.

In November 2015, during the celebration of the birth anniversary of 18th-century Muslim ruler Tipu Sultan, Karnad said that the Bangalore International Airport should be named Tipu Sultan instead of Campi Gouda. This made many people swoon. The next day, Karnad apologized.

  Remember that Karnad was known for his acting role in India's passion for cinema, but it is for his plays, in which he often used myths, folklore and historical historical events to examine the cultural, economic and social change in post-independence India. Strongly influenced by philosopher Krishnamurti, who questioned the traditional Indian allegiance to caste, religion and duty, Karnad worked on the premise that the individual is the creator of his own existence - not subject to the Hindu notions of fate and karma.


                                                Thank you.....📖 📖 

Metaphysical Poetry: Reflective blog

Metaphysical poetry: Reflective blog:

Hello Reader....

Here i would like to present one blog on metaphysical poetry given by Dr.Dilip Barad sir...

Question: (1)

 Characteristics of Metaphysical Poetry with explanation of a few metaphysical poetry written by John Donne as well as any other Metaphysical Poet.

• Definition of Metaphysical poetry:

The term metaphysical or metaphysics in poetry is the fruit of renaissance tree, becoming over ripe and approaching pure science. “Meta” means “beyond” and “physics” means “physical nature”. Metaphysical poetry means poetry that goes beyond the physical world of the senses and explores the spiritual world. Metaphysical poetry began early in the Jacobean age in the last stage of the age of Shakespeare.

John Donne was the leader and founder of the metaphysical school of poetry. Dryden used this word at first and said that Donne “affects the metaphysics”. Among other metaphysical poets are Abraham Cowley, Henry Vaughan, Richard Crashaw, Andrew Marvell, George Herbert, Robert Herrick etc.

• The word ' Meta ' means , ' After ' The literary translation of Metaphysical is, " After the physical."


===> Another meaning of Metaphysical poetry is, " Something that is superior to the physics called Metaphysical


•  In the first half of the 17th century , there is a group of poets. Whose poetry known as the, " Metaphysical poetry."


===> The Metaphysical poetry has been extensively commented upon by Dr. Samuel Johnson. In his biographical book " The Lives " , while writing about the life of Cowly, Dr. Johnson has tried to interpret the Metaphysical poetry and its features. Dr. Johnson finds following features in the Metaphysical poetry,  Donne and his school.

• Characteristics of the Metaphysical poetry:

 (1) Metaphysical Poetry is a blend of passion and thought:

T.S. Elliot thinks that “passionate thinking” is the chief mark of metaphysical poetry. There is an intellectual analysis of emotion in Donne’s Poetry. Though every lyric arises out of some emotional situation, the emotion is not merely expressed, rather it is analyzed. Donne’s poem “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning” proves that lovers need not mourn at parting. For instance,

“So let us melt, and make no noise,

No tear-floods, nor sigh-tempests move,

‘Twere profanation of our joys

Totell the laity our love”.

(2)Metaphysical Poetry is a fusion of passionate feeling and logical arguments:



For example, in “The Canonization”, there is passion expressed through beautiful metaphors:

“Call us what you will, 

we are made such by love;

Call her one, me another fly,

We are tapers too, and at our own cost die,

And we in us, find the eagle and the dove”.

But at the same time, the tone of the poem is intellectual and there is plenty of complexity involved in the conceits and allusions, such as the “Phoenix riddle”.

(3) Wit:


Critics find two reasons for their desire to differ from the former poets. The first reason is that they were fully aware of the fact that they would have been rejected had they continued writing poetry in the same way. The invention of the printing press helped  a lot in the expanding education and literacy. All the Metaphysical were literate and degree holders. They wanted to exhibit their learning and scholarship. And so they tried to differ from the former poets. 


(4) Metaphysical Poetry is the mixture of sensual and spiritual experience: 



This characteristic especially appears in Donne’s poetry. Poems such as “The Canonization”, “The Extasie” – even though they are not explicitly discussed, the great metaphysical question is the relation between the spirit and the senses. Often Donne speaks of the soul and of spiritual love. “The Extasie” speaks of the souls of the lovers which come out of their bodies negotiate with one another. For instance,

“And whilst our souls negotiate there,

We like sepulchral statues lay;

All day, the same our postures were,

And we said nothing, all the day”.

(5) Far fetched images:


Far Fetched images is one more feature of the Metaphysical poetry. They never tried to use and express their images from that field with which the theme of their poetry was concerned. They tried to bring their images from those fields which have nothing to do with the theme of their poems. So, they are called Far Fetched images. They tried to bring their images from the branches and areas just like, Agriculture Mechanical engineering, Architecture, Biology, Geometry and many other fields.



(6) Usage of satire and irony:


 This is another characteristic of metaphysical poetry. Donne also uses this in his poems. For example, in “The Canonization”, there is subtle irony as he speaks of the favoured pursuits of people – the lust for wealth and favours,

“Take you a course, get you a place,

Observe his honour, or his Grace”.

Question: (2) write critical analysis of Metaphysical poems of poets other than John donne:

• The list of Metaphysical poets:

• John Donne as a metaphysical poet and his poetry:

                         Born : 22 January, 1572 UK
                         Death : 31 March, 1631 UK


John Donne was an English poet and cleric in the Church of England. He is considered the pre-eminent representative of the metaphysical poets. His works are noted for their strong, sensual style and include sonnets, love poems, religious poems, Latin translations, epigrams, elegies, songs, satires and sermons.



• The Sun Rising:

"The Sun Rising" also known as "The Sunne Rising" is a thirty line poem with three stanzas published in 1633 by poet John Donne. The meter is irregular, ranging from two to six stresses per line in no fixed pattern. The longest lines are at the end of the three stanzas and the rhyme never varies—each stanza runs ABBACDCDEE. Donne's poems were known to be metaphysical with jagged rhythms, dramatic monologues, playful intelligence, and startling images.The poem personifies the sun. It is addressed to the Sun by a lover who is in the company of his beloved. The lover expresses his concerned for his beloved by addressing this poem to the rising Sun. The present poem is also a good example of Metaphysical poetry. The poem opens with the lover's rebuke to the rising Sun. The rising Sun peeps into the bedroom of this lovers through windows and curtains. The lover doesn't like it. He wants to convince the Sun that the season and climate of lovers can not be governed by the Sun.
In the next stanza of the poem the lover compares the Shine of the eyes of his beloved and the shine of the Sun. The lover mentions that the Sun is not half so happy as he is in the company of his beloved. The third and the concluding stanza of the poem is a comparison between the political empire of the King and the empire of love. He is of the opinion that he himself is the King and his beloved is his empire.

• Death Be Not Proud:

• Popularity:

Death Be Not Proud Also known as Holy sonnet. this sonnet was written by John Donne in 1633. John Donne was a famous metaphysical poet. The popularity of this poem lies in its unique subject, as it was a devotional as well as a warning to ‘personified’ death.  Using the metaphor of death, the poet argues that death is not permanent and it serves as an eternal pathway to life hereafter. He also has demonstrated the Christian doctrine of resurrection and immortality of the soul, calling death as an inferior.

•“Death, be not Proud” a representative Poem of Logic:

Donne has presented death as a powerless figure. He denies the authority of death with logical reasoning, saying the death does not kill people. Instead, it liberates their souls and directs them to eternal life. He does not consider it man’s invincible conqueror. Instead, he calls it a poor fellow without having free will. The arrival of death is also compared with a short rest and sleep that recuperates a person for the upcoming journey. The poet’s denial to the conventional approach of death gives the reader a new interpretation.

• Major Themes “Death, be not Proud”:

The major theme in the poem is powerlessness of death. The poem comprises the poet’s emotions, mocking the position of death and arguing that death is unworthy of fear or awe. According to him, death gives birth to our souls. Therefore, it should not consider itself mighty, or superior as ‘death’ is not invincible. The poet also considers death an immense pleasure similar to sleep and rest. For him, the drugs can also provide the same experience. The poem foreshadows the realistic presentation of the death and also firmly believes in eternal life after death.

Thinking Activity: 'Hamlet' Movie Screening

Thinking activity: 'Hamlet' movie screening:

Here is my answer on Thinking Activity on'Hamlet'movie screening. Task given by Dr. Dilip Barad sir,

William Shakespeare's Hamlet is a major tragedy. Movie Kenneth Branagh is just as interesting. This character is well portrayed in the movie. I enjoyed the screening of the film.

Hamlet is the first tragedy of a series of Shakespeare great tragedies that is thought to be published between 1601 and 1603. This play is one of their most successful, complete and best plays ever. Hamlet is a tragedy of revenge written in the Roman Senecan tragedy line. It is a reflection of the tragedy and a moral sensitivity. The protagonist is very reflective and very sensitive, thus unfit for revenge by step. He has undone the past, but the paradox of crime and justice annoys him. When the play ends, all the main characters make the tragedy perfect.

Question (1). How faithful is the movie to the original play?

"Hamlet" was directed by Kenneth Brangh in 1996. The full version of Kenneth Brangh Hamlet, it is more than 4 hours long and the world of Shakespeare's Hamlet is as fully present with every dialogue as it is in the original text. Dialogues of the original text are covered in this movie.

We can't say that the movie Hamlet is trustworthy because there are so many new things in this movie. We can see that the characters' suits look more like 12th-century Denmark or Victorian than 16th-century England. Branha saw Victorian ear and style attire, luxurious dresses and rich ceremonies in the court of Elsinore, which are especially luxurious in medieval times. Kenneth Baranas seems to be middle-aged rather than a young student at hamlet's University. And by doing this, I went a little farther from the original play.

Question (2). After watching the movie, have your perception about play, characters or situations changed?

According to my interpretation some characters and situations have changed. The protagonist in the movie (Kenneth Brang) is much older than the real Prince Hamlet, who is much younger.

Before I watched the film, my perception of Gertrude's character or that she was a good queen, but as I watched the film, my perspective changed to Gertrude. I doubt his character. To kill King Hamlet with Claudius? Another is that I think Ophelia is a strong character but while watching the movie I see that she is made up of one.

Question (3). Do you feel 'aesthetic delight' while watching the movie? If yes, exactly when did it happen? If no, can you explain with reasons?

Ans.Yes  I feel  that  'Aesthetic delight' when I watched this movie Some scenes in the movie give us aesthetic pleasure. I enjoy aesthetically pleasing views of snow-desert.

Yes, when Hamlet died and his words gave me aesthetic pleasure "the rest is silence". It gave me aesthetic pleasure:
  While watching this movie on the begging Horatio and Hamlet does not make Claudius the King of Denmark, I feel 'aesthetically pleasing'. Horatio said at that time I knew your father.

Question (4). Do you feel 'Catharsis' while or after watching movies? If yes, exactly when did it happen? If no, can you explain with reasons?

Ans.Yes, I think 'Catharsis' in the play, while Hamlet returned from Wittenberg to Denmark, to know that his father is killed by his uncle's death and his mother. His uncle is dispersed to his mother's reckless marriage.

Yes, exactly I like 'aesthetic pleasures', the critic Northrup Frye evaluates Hamlet as a drama without catharsis but ... I feel cathartic when it is decided to take revenge while watching movies. While Claudius has become a king and his mother died within a few days with Claudius his father, which is 'catharsis'.

Question (5). Does screening of movie help you in better understanding of the play?

Ans.Yes, the movie is better for understanding drama. This is the easiest way to understand Hamlet Play through movie screenings as Kenneth Branagh attempts to cover as much dialogue as possible in the original text in this movie. It is possible that we cannot even imagine the whole situation when reading the text. So reading a movie is very helpful in understanding every emotion of the character. I do not read the original play so the movie screening helps me to understand the basic idea of ​​the paly.the movie helps to understand it better than the original play as it gives a broader knowledge than the original play. The audience in the movie captures the moment that is interpreted by the director. The film's scene, plot, setting, arranged by the situation director is very beautiful, so it's a better understanding than the original play.

Question (6). Was there any particular scene or moment in the movie that you will cherish lifetime?

Ans.One moment is a favorite of a lifetime Act 5 scene2. Dialogue between Hamlet and Horatio. When Horatio tries to convince Hamlet that if your mind dislikes nothing, follow it but ... Hamlet responds in very meaningful words: "No, not whites, if we don't welcome it, it will come ... Not now, yet it will be urgent, here in this scene we can see the understanding of a good bond friendship with Hamlet and Horatio.

Question (7). If you are director, what changes would you like to make in the remaking of movie on Shakespeare's 'Hamlet'?

Ans.If I'm the director of a Hamlet movie I'm changing the sequences of the beginning and the end because the Soldiers demolish Hamlet's statue. He does this kind of work under his father's pressure.

Question (8). What does the fallen statue signifies?

Ans.At the beginning of the movie, the roll over the statue of King Hamlet beside Elsinore Castle and with the same sequence the scene cycle symbolizes life and death.

At the beginning of the movie, the camera turns on the statue of King Hamlet Castle and the movie ends with a sequence in which the image of King Hamlet is hung up to dust. This fall of the statue symbolically represents the fall of King Hamlet's dynasty. The collapse of the statue also signifies that after death there is nothing left in the end, that pride, like the rule, is destroyed by the cycle of mortal things. Perhaps Kenneth Branagh wants to say that 'revenge' is not the right moral answer. It was King Hamlet who wanted to avenge his assassination and therefore the collapse of his statue signifies the fall of an empire.

Question (9). While studying the play through movie, which approach do you find more applicable to the play? Why? Give reasons with illustration.

Ans.While studying drama through the movie, I found that historical and biological approaches are more applicable. Because in the movie we see England of the Victorian Era, and in the play is the Denmark of the Rainines and another thing is in Prince Hamlet of Denmark that ... he was really mad and thus killed all the family members but Shakespeare made Hamlet a character as a thinking man.

Question (10). Which of the above mentioned approaches (in Pre-viewing task) appeals you more than order? Why? Give reasons.

Ans.Which of the above approaches do I want to appeal to more of a psychological approach than any other? Hamlet madness also appears as Hamlet's psychological .Manical mind. Hamlet's delay in seeking revenge can show that he has done nothing, he is the victim of extreme sadness.

  Norman Ann Handland nicely summarized both Hamlet's delays and also his understanding of Hamlet's true motives for our three-hundred-year delay:

Now what do critics mean when they say that Hamlet can't work because of his oedipus complex? The argument is very simple, very elegant. One, for centuries, people have not been able to say why Hamlet delayed killing his father and marrying his mother. TWo, the psychoanalytic experience shows that every child wants to do exactly that. Three, Hamlet delays because he cannot punish Claudius for wanting to do so as a child and, unknowingly, still intends to: he was punishing himself. Four, the fact that this desire is unconscious explains why people could not explain Hamlet's delay.
  Delays in Revenge We can say that Hamlet's psychological .Manical mind.

                                        Thank you.....📖 📖

The word of the year 2016 ' Post Truth

Sunday Reading: The word of the year 2016 'Post Truth':

Welcome Reader,

Here is my blog this blog is 'Post Truth' the word of the year 2016 given by Dr.Dilipsir barad..

∆∆ What is the meaning of the 'Post Truth' ∆∆

'Post Truth' is a new word, it has been chosen as the word of the year for 2016 by the chosen as the word of the year for 2016 by the Oxford English Dictionary. Post- Truth is a compound word,which is a word comprised of two words joined together to create a new word with a new meaning of the term Post - Truth, where it comes from and some examples of its use in sentences.

The post Truth describes the important facts of appealing to the public and opposition to individual ancestors, which will be used to designate the time after the prefix post-after the beginning, the previews, started with the 1970s, when the example of something is irrelevant. This example means that the post-truth is written by Ralph keyes with the release of the 2004 book. The post-truth is not used in the state-of-politics, the political philosophy is the emphasis on the effectiveness of a particular and the effectiveness of the economy. The word is the post-truth.

∆∆ According to Oxford dictionary:

According to Oxford dictionary defines as relating to or denothing circumstances in which objective facts are less influential in shaping public opinion than appeals to emotion and personal belief'

Oxford Dictionary has declared  " post-truth "  as its 2016 international word of the year .  Reflecting what it called a  " highly - charged "  political 12 months.

∆∆ According to Cambridge Dictionary in 'Post truth':

Related to a situation, people likely to accept arguments based on their emotions and beliefs, then they are based on the facts.

The referendum of the Lok-Truth's politics was the first majority of the referendum. He made the "post-truth" white house of the current administration.

∆∆ Some examples related to 'Post Truth':

 

You  can  see  this image  and what is  different  between  truth  and post truth?  This  image  suggest  difference of  truth  and post truth.

Post Truth  politics class called post - factual politics.and political culture in which debate is framed largely  appeals to emotion dis connected  from the details. Of policy and by he repeated  assertion of  taking points to which factual rebuttals  are ignored.post truth  differs from traditional  contesting and  falsifying  of facts by relegating facts and expert opinions to be of secondary  importance relative to  appeal to emotion. While this has been described as  a contemporary  problem  some  observers have described  it  as a long standing  part of  political  life that was less notable before the advent of the internet and related  social  changes.

Conflicting Thinking is about understanding what people say what they will do and they really do what are really different from different things.

Lie is not necessarily. People always lie to themselves and if they do so, you never feel satisfying until it is so much. It is as much as possible in the world that any person can predict that the next will happen..

When we talk of Post-Truth, its real situation is hidden and it does not represent the reality of society .They also live in a perception that is truth. Truth means that something exists in society but Post-Truth is rethinking the truth that supports truth or not. We see in the media how they hide people's reality so that people live in some kind of ignorance, even in real life, but that's not the truth.

                                 Thank you....

'Sairandhari' Poem by Vinod Joshi

Sunday Reading: 'Sairandhri Poem by Vinod Joshi:

Sunday reading task given by Dr.Dilipsir Barad:

Welcome reader,

==>  ∆∆ About Vinod Joshi: ∆∆

Vinod Joshi was born on 13 August 1955 in Bhoringda, a village of Amreli district, Gujarat.
Joshi completed his preschool education at Mohanlal Motichand Balmandir, Gadhada. He completed his primary education at the Government School of Turkha, a village in Botad district, from 1960 to 1966. His secondary schooling was at the N.T.M Government High School, Surendranagar, from 1967 to 1968, Sarvoday Vidyalaya, Lathidad, in 1969, and the Government High School, Botad, in 1970.

Joshi earned his Bachelor of Arts degree in Gujarati literature at the Kavishri Botadkar Arts and Commerce College, Botad, in 1975. He completed his Master of Arts at the Gujarati Anusnatak Kendra at Saurashtra University, Bhavnagar (1976), and the Gujarati Bhasha Sahitya Bhavan (Gujarati Language and Literature Department) at Saurashtra University (1977). He earned a Ph.D. in 1980 from the Gujarati Bhasha Sahitya Bhavan, Saurashtra University, for his research thesis Radio Nataknu Kalaswaroop Ane Gujaratima Teno Vikas (The Art of Radio Drama and its Development in the Gujarati Language) under the supervision of Ishwarlal R. Dave.
He is married to Vimal Joshi, and they have a son, name of Aditya.

==> ∆∆ Sairandhri Poem: ∆∆

Here I would like to put some line's of Sairandhri poem. The main theme of the poem is lost of Identity. Vinod joshi put his idea and thoughts about Draupadi of Mahabharata in different ways. Here I would like to put one few lines of the poem of Vinod Joshi,

                   

                    "ટચલી આંગળીનો નખ

                     લટમાં પરોવી  હું તો બેઠી સજન,

                     મુને એકવાર કાગળ તો લખ.

                     ચૂમી ચૂમી ને  કરી એંઠી સજન,

                     હવે લૂંછી દે  પાંપણના દખ."

This poem based on Mahabharata . In Mahabharata one part of 'VIRAT PARVA'.It's call 'Agnat Vas' which living into hidden from and without self-sameness wherever.Here question is that what's purpose of remaining in the hidden way? Draupadi was daughter of the king Drupad who is the king of paanchal. She known with various name into the Mahabharata like as Krishna ,Yagnaseni , Panchali..etc There are many story and problem responsible behind her name . But here vinod Joshi's sairandhari is differ from Mahabharata .Here vinod joshi presented draupadi as a lover of Karna.

As a queen of Hastinapur Draupadi How she became Dashi during in Agnat Vas? and How she faced various problem in her life ?.  It's very interesting way interpreted by him.

Acclaimed for the elegant female sensibility in the sounds, rhymes and rhythm of his songs , Vinod Joshi talks to SBS Gujarati about 'SAIRANDHRI' his poem based on the character of DRAUPADI she is one of the character of Mahabharata .Vinod Joshi's recent publications "SAIRANDHRI"(2018) poem composed in prabhandh from with seven Cantos, 49 chapter and 1800 lines.And it is based on Draopadi character of Hindu epic Mahabharata. Here poet tried to explain Draopadi's feeling and thought . As a part of languages poet used figurative language ,personification , meter,chopai and Dohra in Sairandhri .Poet also used Sringara rasa in the poem Sairandhri.

==> ∆∆ 'Sairandhri is a poem of lost identity: ∆∆

Here in the poem we can see,

The poet present in the poem has interpreted the love story of Sairandhari and Karna differently in the Mahabharata story.  In this poem, the poet presents that he chose Karna for marriage, not Arjuna.  Arjun is another choice.  When Sairandhri first saw Karna in his own self, a large image of Karna emerged in Sairandhi's mind,

                  "વક્ષ વિશાળ ભુજા બળશાળી

                    નેત્ર વિધુત ચમક નિહાળી

                   તક્ષ ક્ષણ મોહિત થઈ પાંચાલી

                    વરણ કરી નિજ મનમાં માલી

                    સર્વ નૃપાલ સ્વયંવર માણે

                    હતો કર્ણ નીરહે દુઃખ જાણે

                    સ્થાન હતું એને મન ઉત્તમ

                    કરવા કોઈ અનન્ય પરાક્રમ

                    દ્રષ્ટિ સહેજ સ્પર્શી ને સરકી

                    પાંચાલી નખશીખ ગઈ ધરકી

                    રહી બાહુબલી નર ને જોતી

                     તરત પરોયા મનમાં મોતી...."

Vinod Joshi said that his Draupadi is different from Draupadi of Mahabharata.  He made the fictional character of Draupadi or Sairandagari in his poem. Vinod Joshi said of Sairandhari that she had a real identity .Sairandhri did not have a proper identity. He played an important role in Mahabharata without a specific identity .He lost his identity with sacrificing body for Pandavo.In the Mahabharata, she does not question her identity, which she does not have the freedom to express.  Mahabharata's Sairandhri was not alone with Pandavas and Krishna when the poet's imagination in his poem here is no one with Sairandhri and he is free to everything .He is one of the powerful women described by Vinod Joshi in this poem .This poem explains about one.  A woman's condition, emotions and feelings.

==>∆∆  Love for Karna: ∆∆

Here in the poem Vinod joshi interpret Sarandhri's for karna in this poem interpretation different type of the Mahabharata's story.This poem represented that her first choice for love is Karna and second choice is Arjuna. So here Karna & Droupadi both are love each other but they don't share publicly. Same condition we find in our society. Many time young boy and girl has not proper platform to said who is their true lover ? Then they chose bad way for satisfaction. As a woman it is difficult task to say in Indian family . So here both are remain with hidden themselves. They don't tell to other about relationship. Karna was brave man although he had hidden his ownership.in the whole poem poet talking about Sarandhri so we can see whole poetry different type of the Mahabharata story here poet put there own view about sarandhri.

Thus this poetry created in Australia by Vinod Joshi very interesting and well known poem.

Dr. Faustus: A Play by Christopher Marlowe

Hello,

        Welcome readers,

• Here is my answer....✍️✍️

Thinking Activities:

 (1) The play directed by Matthew Dunster for Globe theatre ends with this scene (see the image of Lucifer). What does it signify?

 here the last scene of Lucifer signifies his great triumphal.

The last scene of Lucifer with huge wings suggests that Evil is enjoying his victory over God.  His wide wings show the power in Lucifer's photo, his expression and smile brutality.  He was laughing and celebrating the defeat of God.

Dr.Faustus wants to be a wise person because he thinks he will become like God when he knows everything, but his way of getting knowledge was wrong.  At the end of the play he feels sorry and he seeks God to save him, but God is helpless to save Dr. Faustus.  We can clearly see Lucifer's victory in the last scene of the play, and it has become even more powerful after taking on the spirit of Doctor Faustus.Hell become reality at the end of the play Dr Faustus.

(2)  Is God present in the play? If yes, where and how? If no, why? 

Yes,God is present in the play

I notice that the good angel is the voice of Doctor Faustus's consciousness, he is a kind of spirituality in Doctor Faustus.  She urges Dave Faustus to repent and serve God.

∆. "Good angel as a symbol" ∆

∆. "Old man as a good Human being" ∆

∆. "Chorus as a soul of god" ∆

The old man is like a secret character in the play.

  It is found in the last part of the play.  He made a last attempt by God to save Doctor Fossatus.  The old man also urges Doctor Faustus to repent to God. The role of the chorus is to comment on the events of a play.  I notice that the play contains chorus as the voice of God, so I can say that the chorus is the Spirit of God. Here's one thing that hurts,

 "God and Good Things" is present in the play but finally Evil wins.

(3) What reading and interpretation can be given to this image (see the image of Daedalus and Icarus) with reference to central theme of the play Dr.Faustus?

This is an image of two greek mythological characters. father Daedalus and his son Icarus.

  Greek mythology, a son whose father Daeduls gives him wings.  Which is made by Bessvex, but Icarus forgets the truth and went near the sun, and because of this his wings were dissolved and he fell to the earth and died.  Similarly here Dr. Faustus Go down from his higher knowledge position.  The craving for knowledge is good at some level but it is bad to cross those limits ... Thus we can say that this image of Icarus's fall shows the central theme of the similar fall of Dr.Faustus.


Icarus was not satisfied with what he had and he tried to reach beyond his limits.  When the sun waxed near it melted and it fell into the sea.

(4) How do you interpret this painting?

This is a painting of Landscape about "The Fall of Icarus"

Here, in this image we can see that Icarus falls into the sea and he's dying but who cares?  In this image here three persons are present in one place at different heights but no one wants to save them but they do not look to that side.

(1) Even the closest person to a fish caught does not try to save Icarus.

 (2) shepherd is looking at the sky and the sheep are busy grazing the grass.  Symbol of "ignore".

 (3) The farmer is busy with his farm's.

  Here, in this whole story summaries we can see selfish society because they busy with their own work they didn't try save and busy own task..

                                                       Thank you...✍️✍️