Sunday, 6 June 2021

Learning Experience of Digital Portfolio

 

Learning Experience of Digital Portfolio




Hello Readers,

Here is my learning experience of making a Digital Portfolio. I am glad to learn under Dilip Barad sir, Department of English.

Everyone has different art and skills, some have by born but one needs the time, right advice and the person to bring it out. In this, I am very lucky to have the teacher who changed my perspective and thoughts to see the world in a different way. Yes, obviously I am talking about Dr. Dilip Barad sir who made me not only multitasker but also digitally rich.

Now, warmly welcome to my Academic world. Digital portfolio is one of the major academic event of Department of English Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University.

This portfolio is a kind of platform which provides actual learning evidence of achievements and the records of each and every academic activities by students like,

• Integrative Thinking

• Reflective Thinking

After creating this e-portfolio, I can easily analyze the achievements I made during my graduation and during my master's, and the work I did during my creativity. This e-portfolio is a testament to my expertise and what I have learned during these five years. I now have my own Blogger account for assignments and my creative writing, a slides account for presentations, a YouTube channel for educational videos and other creative videos. Apart from this I have other social media platforms to reflect my educational and creative article like LinkedIn.

During my bachelor I learned how to create a blog. When I first heard the word "blog" I was very eager to work on a blog and with the help of my professor I succeeded in becoming a good blogger. Since then I have been very eager to learn more about the e-portfolio.

In M.A studies at the end of the two years we have to create a Digital Portfolio . In the Digital Portfolio we are uploading all the kind of work which we have done during MA studies.  

I have uploaded saved all my documents and my memories as well as academic work in the digital portfolio.  So it is very useful for me for a lifetime.


Click here to view my Digital Portfolio

Assignment : Paper no :- 15 Mass Media and Communication)

 Name :- Dharaiya Sanjay A. 


Roll no :- 23

Enrolment no :- 2069108420200009 

Semester- M. A. Semester - 4

Paper no :- 15 Mass Media and Communication)

Topic: Functions of Mass Communication

Year :- 2020- 2021 

Words:- 1313

Email :- dharaiy9@gmail.com 

Submitted to :- S. B. Gardi Department of English. Maharaja krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar Uni.



Assignment : Functions of mass Communication


Functionalism :


Focusing on understanding the effects of mass communication, in particular its social consequences and its impact on the maintenance of the social order, led to an increase in the theoretical framework called functionality. Functionality focuses on explaining slow, evolutionary change and sudden changes. The limited capacity of functionalism to be used only in policy research, evaluation and planning has been criticized by many theories. The center of functionality is how mass communication serves society and is not responsible for how human communicates and interacts with messages. Criticism is also being leveled at maintaining the existing social order and not allowing any meaningful change to take place. Mass media serves many general and many specialized functions. In general, the mass media provides surveillance of parts of the environment monitoring, society, entertainment, information, cultural transmission, instructional, trafficking, interpretation and socialization functions:


Serveillance of the Environment:


One of the important functions of the media is to monitor all the happenings in the world and to provide information to the human society. The media has a responsibility to provide news and cover various issues which are some of the services to the society. The media helps maintain the social order by giving instructions on what to do in times of crisis, which reduces confusion among the people.


Supervision involves two major functions.  When it meets the collective needs of the people, it forms public oversight, and when it meets the needs of individual citizens, we call it private oversight. Although private supervision can lead to political activities, its primary function is to satisfy individual needs and calm personal discomfort.


For example,

In times of natural disasters, wars, health scares, etc., the media has a role to play in raising awareness about what is happening and ways to deal with disasters.



Correlation of parts of Society :


This work relates to how the selection of certain news by the media and its interpretation affect how society understands and responds to it. People’s attitudes towards political issues, occasions, public policy, etc. have an impact on the extent to which the media frames and presents the issue in their discussions and presentations.

For example,

Media reports about the Vietnam War played a role in changing the mindset of Americans who began to oppose sending troops to fight a losing war. Hitler used the media in his propaganda war against the Jews.


Entertainment :

This popular work of the mass media refers to the ability of the media to help people relax and escape the stress of everyday life. The entertainment work of mass media has both positive and negative effects. The low quality of the material is often criticized but other benefits such as helping people experience new events, stimulating emotions and helping people spend their free time show how important this work is.


For example :

Television offers people the opportunity to watch events that they would not otherwise be able to participate in, such as the Oscars, Independence Day rallies, the Olympics, and so on.


Information :

We need information to satisfy curiosity, reduce uncertainty and better understand how we fit into the world. The amount and availability of information is much higher now than it was forty years ago when a few television networks, local radio stations, and newspapers competed to keep us informed. Media saturation has increased competition for information, which makes it possible for news media outlets to report information, for example, prematurely, inaccurately or in part.


Cultural Transmission :

This refers to the ability of the media to teach the various norms, rules and values ​​that exist in a society and to ensure its transfer from one generation to another. Through television programs and reflecting the society in which they are broadcast and promoting an understanding of the cultural heritage of the society. Children's television programs are designed to demonstrate good behavior and moral standards that children can learn by watching.



Socialization :

This work of the mass media referring to Laswell in political socialization. It involves learning basic values ​​and approaches that prepare individuals to fit into their cultural sphere. Prior to the 1970s study, the mass media was largely ignored because parents and schools were considered primary agents of socialization. Research from the 1970s finally established that the media played a crucial role in political socialization. Most of the information that people get about their political world comes directly or indirectly from the media through news ing fur or entertainment shows or through social media sites like Facebook or Twitter. The media presents specific facts as well as general values, teaching the youth that the elements bring the desired result. The media also provides patterns of behavior to youth. Because young people generally have less firm attitudes and behaviors, it is acceptable for them to use such information to develop their opinions. The new directions and opinions that adults acquire during their lifetime are also based on mass media information. People do not adopt the necessary attitudes and opinions that receive the admiration of the middle but instead the mass media information provides the elements that people use to adjust their current attitudes and opinions to keep pace with the changing world.


Instructive :

Some media outlets exist to impart knowledge by imparting education instead of just running information. Major news networks such as CNN and the BBC primarily perform information functions, while cable news networks such as Fox News and MSNBC offer a mix of information and interpretation functions. In-depth coverage on the National Public Radio and Public Broadcasting Service, and the more dramatic but still educational content of the History Channel, the National Geographic Channel and the Discovery Channel give more instructive functions.


Manipulation :

Journalists at leading news venues periodically become key players in the game of Politics, they don’t just play their traditional role as a sequel to the information provided by others. The most common way for a journalist to break the role of political traveler is through investigation. Many large print and electronic media industries operate their own investigative units because investigative stories are both important and popular. When media organizations are forced to economize they are also expensive to produce and tend to be scarce.

  Many investigations are aimed at muckraking. Journalists who urge the government to clean up the "dirt" exposed by investigations into corruption and misconduct are called mock crackers. The word comes from a rack designed to collect compost. President Theodore Roosevelt was the first to apply the term journalism. There are so many types it's hard to say. The main purpose of a journalist may be to write stories that expose and correct misconduct in government. Or the main purpose may be to present sensory information that attracts a large media audience and increases profits. Other manipulative stories can be designed to influence politics, regardless of the political preferences of journalists.


Interpretation :

The media not only brings the day’s events to public and private attention by surveying them, they also interpret the events, keep in context and speculate about its consequences. Most events offer themselves different interpretations based on the interpreter's values ​​and experiences. This kind of interpretation affects the political consequences of media reports. 

For example,

since 1962 the way the media interprets the legal and social significance of abortion has changed significantly.  Abortion was considered murder. The abortionist was a villain and the pregnant woman was an accomplice in a deadly crime.

  Numerous circumstances influenced the type of interpretation the Finkbine story received.  Media outlets interpret messages more or less clearly and ethically. Newspaper editors have long had a clear interpretation of current events, and now cable television and radio personalities provide social, cultural, and political commentary that is full of subjective interpretations. Although some of them operate in the moral gray realm because they use formats that make them feel like traditional news programs, most are open about their motives.

Assignment : Paper no :- 13 The New Literature

 Name :- Dharaiya Sanjay A. 


Roll no :- 23

Enrolment no :- 2069108420200009 

Semester- M. A. Semester - 4

Paper no :- 13 The New Literature

Topic: Critical Analysis of “Da Vinci Code”

Year :- 2020- 2021 

Words:- 2715

Email :- dharaiy9@gmail.com 

Submitted to :- S. B. Gardi Department of English. Maharaja krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar Uni.




Critical Analysis of “Da Vinci Code”

In the Louvre, an Opsus Deina monk named Silas grabbed the museum's curator, Jack Sir and demanded to know where the Holy Grail was. After the seniors told him, Silas shot him and left him to die. However, San Nier has lied to Silas about Grail's location. Realizing that he has a few minutes to live and that he must pass on his important secret, Saunier paints a pant acle on his stomach with his own blood, draws a circle with his blood, and pulls himself back to the center of the circle.  -Creating the position of Da. Vinci's Vitruvian Man. It also leaves the code, one line of the number and two lines of text with invisible ink.


  Jerome Colette, a police detective, calls Robert Langdon, the protagonist of the story and a professor of symbology, and asks him to come to the Louvre to try to interpret the scene. Langdon has not yet realized that he himself is a murder suspect.


  After killing the senator, Silas calls him a "teacher" and tells him that, according to the senator, the stone is the main stone in the church of Saint-Sulpis in Reiss. The teacher sends Silas there. Silas follows the senior's key to Keystone's location and discovers that he has been betrayed. In a fit of rage, he killed Sister Sandrin Beale, the caretaker of the church, and the sentry for Priory SF Sion. In the Louvre, Langdon meets Jerome Colette and Bezu Fech, the police captain, and realizes that two policemen suspect him of murder.


  Sophie Nevu, the cryptology department and the senior's granddaughter's agent, arrives at the crime scene and tells Langdon that she must call the embassy. When Langdon makes calls to the number Sophie gives her, she arrives at her answering service. The message warns Langdon that he is in danger and that he should meet Sophie in the Louvre's bathroom. In the bathroom, Sophie shows Langdon that Fetch notes her movements with a tracking device. She throws the device out the window at a passing truck, fleeing from the Langdon Louvre, police think.


  Sophie also tells Langdon that the last line of the secret message, “P.S. Find Robert Langdon, ”was his grandfather's way of warning him: P.S. Princess Sophie is the beginning of her grandfather's nickname. Langdon thinks that P.S. Perhaps for Prionary Sf Zion, an ancient fraternity dedicated to the preservation of the tradition of pagan goddess worship, and to the preservation of the mystery that the senior died in protection.

  Langdon decodes the second and third lines of the senior's message: “Leonardo da Vinci!  Mona Lisa!  Sophie turns to the paintings to see another clue. Police have also returned the Louvre, and they make an arrest for Langdon. Sophie found the key behind Meldo's Rocks. Using this painting as a hostage, he works to disarm the police officer and get himself and Langdon out of the building. Vernet successfully smuggles coffee, Sophie and Langdon into the back of a locked armored car. Vernet turns to him, but he manages to escape from Cryptax, which Langdon realizes is actually the Prior Keystone - that is, the key to all the secrets about the location of the Holy Grail to the Prior.


  Langdon and Sophie go to the home of historian Sir Leah Tabing to ask for his help in opening the opening. Tabbing calls them the legend of the Grail, beginning with historical historical evidence that the Bible did not come directly from God, but was compiled by Emperor Constantine. He also gave evidence that the divinity of Jesus was decided by vote at Nixia, and that Jesus married Mary Magdalene, who was of royal blood, and had children by him. Tebing shows them the symbols hidden in the final supper and the painted representation of Magdalene. He tells them that the Holy Grail is actually Mary Magdalene's body and the documents proving Mary's blood line relate to Jesus. He says he thinks Sainier and others could be killed because the church suspects Prairie will unveil the secret.


  As Langdon is showing Cryptax, Silas appears and hits him on the head. Silas grabs Sophie and Tabing at the point of the gun and demands the key stone, but Tebing attacks Silas, hitting him on the thigh where his punishment belt is located, and Sophie ends up kicking him in the face.


  Colette arrives at the castle, but Sophie, Langdon, Bound Silas, Tabing, and her servant, Remy, escape, and Tebing's private plane goes to England.  Sophie realizes that the text on the cryptocurrency is indestructible if viewed in a mirror. They are understood to be a poem, referring to "a major stone admired by the Templars" and "atbush cipher", which will help them reach the password. Langdon recalls that the Knights Templar are believed to worship the god Bafomet, sometimes represented by a large stone head. The word coined by Atbush Cipher is Sophia. When they open Cryptax, however, they only find another Cryptax, this is the key about a tomb where a knight was buried by the Pope. They should find the orb that should be on Knight's grave.


  Fach understands that the tipping and the rest of it is in the jet. He calls the British police and asks them to come around the airport, but Tibing thinks to convince the police that there is no one inside the plane but himself. He then goes to Temple Church in London with Sophie, Langdon, R.M. and Silas. Releases the 23rd Silas and declares that he also follows the teacher. Silas goes to church to get the keystone, but when he forces Langdon to give it to him, Langdon threatens to break it.  The 27th intervenes, takes Tebing hostage and forces Langdon to leave Cryptax.


  Meanwhile, Colette and his men keep an eye on Tebing's house and when they think he's overseeing the senior. On the phone, the teacher instructs Silas to deliver Cryptax to Remy. The teacher meets Remy in the park and kills him. The teacher calls the police and turns Silas over to the officers. As Silas tries to escape, he is shot, and he accidentally shoots his idol, Bishop Eringorosa.


  Silas Bishop takes Aringorosa to the hospital and enters the park, where he dies. The next day at the hospital, Eringorosa sternly reflected that Tebing had betrayed him to help him with his murderous plan by claiming that if the bishop delivered him the grail, he would help Opus Day in favor of the church. Sophis and Langdon's research led them to discover that the knight Sir Isaac Newton they were looking for was buried by the Pope, as they knew he had been buried by Alexander the Pope. They go to Westminster Abbey, where Newton is buried. There, the teacher lured him into the garden and told him he had a whip.  They go there only to find out that teasing themselves is a teacher. Tebing suspects that the senator has decided not to divulge the secret of Priory or Sion, as Sophie was threatened with death by the church if the secret was leaked. Should the secret be public knowledge, he decided to find the grail himself.


  Teabing gives Langdon a cryptex and asks Langdon and Sophie to help open it. Langdo has figured out that the password is the apple - the orb missing from Newton's tomb. He opens the cryptex and secretly takes out the papyrus. He then simply throws Cryptax into the air, causing Tebing to drop his pistol and prevent the map from being destroyed. Suddenly, Facheche flooded the room and arrested Tibing. The papyrus inside the second cryptex draws Sophie and Langdon to Scotland, where Sophie finds her brother and her grandmother.  During the reunion, she learned that her family was indeed the bloodline of Jesus and Mary Magdalene. Sophie and Langdon part promising to meet in Florence in a month. Back in Paris, Langdon understands the poem, which leads him to a small pyramid built into the ground in the Louvre.


Themes Of “The Da Vinci Code”

The False Conflict between Faith and Knowledge :-

Dan Brown refuses to accept the idea that faith in God lies in ignorance of truth. The ignorance that is sometimes advocated by the church is embodied in the character of Bishop Eringorosa, who does not think the church should be involved in scientific investigation. According to the Da Vinci Code, the Church has also applied ignorance about the existence of the lineage of Jesus. Although Langdon says at one point in the novel that perhaps the mysteries of the Grail should be preserved to allow people to believe, he thinks that those who truly believe in God will be able to accept this biblical idea full of metaphor, not the literal text of truth.  People’s faith can, in other words, oppose the truth.


The Power of Metaphor :

Langdon hints that the hidden mystery about the true form and existence of the Holy Grail will be better left by the forward load of progress. The mystery and aura that surrounds Millenia allowed Grail to become whatever the believers believe it to be. The suggestion here is that faith is far stronger than the facts in which it is located. Coincidence from this ideological point of view is a valid explanation of why so many of those who believe in the Holy Bible do so on the condition that every word is literal. When Langdon considers the wisdom of presenting facts in his explanation of faith reaching the truth, he also argues that such faith is so strong and steadfast if the stories and events presented in the Bible as historical facts are seen only as metaphors. Or why  The purpose is to give knowledge of the greater truth. The question boils down to whether investing with the same power for guidance and conditional faith as a literal fact.

The subjective of history :

The Da Vinci Code raises the question of whether history books necessarily tell the only truth. The novel is full of re-divisions of commonly told stories, such as The Life of Jesus, Pentacle, and Da Vinci Fresco The Last Supper.  Brown provides his own explanation of how the Bible was compiled and the missing gospels.  Lang Langdon also interprets the Disney movie The Little Mermaid, re-imagining it as an attempt by Disney to show the lost divine femininity. All of these retailers have been presented as at least partially true.


The Intelligence of Women :


The characters in the Da Vinci Code ignore the power of women at their peril. Throughout the novel, Sophie is underestimated. He is able to sneak into the Louvre and deliver a secret message to Langdon to save him from arrest, as Fach does not believe he is capable of doing his job. While Sophie and Langdon are expressing doubts about his ability to get rid of Interpol, Fash specifically calls Sophie a "female cryptologist."  While interpreting one of the clues hidden in the rose box, Langdon and Tabing leave Sophie, her perfect patron. When she is finally allowed to see the key, she immediately understands how to make sense of it. Sophie rescues Langdon from arrest numerous times.


  Other women are similarly underestimated. Sister Sandrin is sent to the fraternity in the Church Saint-Saint-Sulpeis, but Silas, who is involved in the hypermasculine ways of Op Pas Dei, does not consider her a threat. And Sophie's grandmother Mary Chauvale managed to live life without incident near Roslyn Chapel for years, she saved her bloodline through Sophie's brother.


The subjectivity of Truth :

As the thrilling elements of the story unfold in search of the elusive truths of the Holy Grail and Langdon and Sophie are chased around the world, they discover a great mystery that raises the concern of the novel's subjects with truth. In light of the controversy surrounding the novel itself being accused of playing fast and loose with facts, this is a theme that is rife in the book's ascension to the best-seller paradise. The discovery of the Holy Grail ultimately hangs on an increasingly troubled series of revelations about the historical narrative of the spread of Christianity. The effect of this revelation is to challenge the faith of those who have surrendered their very spiritual existence to commonly held beliefs, in which the protagonist gradually reveals everything from simple misconceptions to corrupt ideas aimed at controlling the masses.


Feminism v. Patriarchy

Living at the center of a business that is at the heart of The Devincy Code is the historical persecution of women and the persecution of women by the Catholic Church in particular and Christianity as a whole. The latest discovery of the Holy Grail transforms the Catholic Church's quest for the Holy Woman into a secret history, as it has emerged to be an important agenda in maintaining patriarchy and ensuring the continued domination of men over women. In view of these considerations, it is claimed that religion founded in the name of Jesus Christ undermines the very purpose and foundation of the beliefs of its very founders.

  The dominant theme of the De Da Vinci Code, clearly, is the urgent need for mankind to reclaim holistic spirituality.




Characters of Da Vinci Code


Robert Langdon :

The character of the novel, anchors the story. He is friendly, competent and kind-hearted. Langdon is trustworthy, like Sophie, his female counterpart and love interest. This credibility makes him stand out in a story in which the author doubts the motivations of every main character except Langdon and Sophie. In many moments of the novel's uncertainty, Langdon's presence is a constant consolation.


  Still, it is seen as a sexual symbol in the academic world, Langdon is rude and disarmed with guns and weapons and lacks determination when it comes to planning and execution. He would think of codes and symbols rather than figure out how to escape the Louvre under the watchful eye of policemen. For this reason, it is well balanced by Sophie, who has transformed her intellectual abilities into survival skills that apply to real life.


Sophie Neveu :


The presence of the novel embodies the Chinese idea of ​​yin and yang, or two complementary powers that work together in harmony. From Langdon and Tabbing, Sophie learned that pagan religions and the value of priority between man and woman are in balance. Sophie and Langdon form the male and female parts of the same hero and their goals never change. In this way, they echo Tabing and Langdon's ideas about the partnership of Jesus and Mary Magdalene. In his view, woman and man work together towards the goal, without being subject to man in any way.


  The sofa and Langdon, like the Mona Lisa, feature femininity and masculinity: for example, Langdon's head is balanced by Sophie's real-world know-how.  Sophie is quick-witted, agile, curious, while from a physical point of view, while she helps to disable Silas in character. But at the same time, he is caring and compassionate.  He deeply feels the loss of his family and mourns the death of his grandfather. Both bright and sexually attractive, Sophie usually combines the masculine toughness with feminine qualities.

Leigh Teabing :

Initially, teasing is a welcome aid for Sophie and Langdon. With its estate, the Chaito Willet, its magnificent sitting room and enormous, book-lined study, it looks like an attractive embodiment of its owner. The cunning brings ridiculous relief, and he knows with his chores and with Sophie that he is a rich and pointed uncle. L His Land Rover given to his pilot at the French airfield and the bribe, help Sophie and Langdon escape from the police.


  Soon enough, however, Brown reveals that Tebing is a killer. Once its true identity is known, it turns into a living example of how wealth can be corrupted by manipulation. Tebing, who has always lived a privileged life, assures himself that his money entitles him to the knowledge of Grail's location. Its broom room-ongoing-study, which at first seems glamorous cluttered, looks like a crazy wreath of serial killers. Her jokes turn from amusing to amusing.  And his habit of throwing people around for money, bribing them, seems to be self-serving, to make sure the group's safe passage is out of France.

Assignment : Paper no :- 14 The African Literature in

 Name :- Dharaiya Sanjay A. 


Roll no :- 23

Enrolment no :- 2069108420200009 

Semester- M. A. Semester - 4

Paper no :- 14 The African Literature

Topic: Analysis of Gabriel Okara’s Poems


Year :- 2020- 2021 

Words:- 2091

Email :- dharaiy9@gmail.com 

Submitted to :- S. B. Gardi Department of English. Maharaja krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar Uni.


Assignment : African Literature :



Introduction :


African literature is a mirror of African culture and heritage. Here, in these poems we see that all the poems reflect their hatred towards culture. African culture and heritage have been completely ruined during this British monarchy. All the poems talk about the situation of the people of Africa, which revolves between two cultures, British culture and African culture. Human psychology also deals with the influence of civilization on the lifestyle of the African people. How happy they are before the browsers arrive. The colonizer also laughs at African culture and rituals.


Gabriel Imomotimi Gbaingbain Okara is a Nigerian Writer, more specifically a poet and novelist. He is highly original and uninfluenced by other poets. He Born on April 1921. He has been extremely successful in apprehending the moods, sights and sounds of Africa. His poems show great sensitivity, perceptive judgments and a tremendous energy. Okara also shows a concern on the topic of what happens when the ancient culture of Africa is faced with modern western culture.  He is the first Modernist poet of Anglophone Africa.


Gabriel Okara, a Nigerian poet, is immersed in folk-tradition and ballad. One can discern influences of native tradition and English romantic tradition and he often tries to create a synthesis between the two. He often utilizes ‘transliteration’ and thereby renders his poems regional, yet universal. His poems are often marked for their lyrical musicality.

We have his 3 poems in our syllabus, M.A sem. 4 Paper no. 14: the African Literature.
 
1) Once Upon a Time,
2), Were I to Choose
3) The Mystic Drum. 

My assignment is on these 3 poems by Gabriel Okara.


1) Once Upon A Time :


Once Upon a Time
Once upon a time, son,
they used to laugh with their hearts
and laugh with their eyes:
but now they only laugh with their teeth,
while their ice-block-cold eyes
search behind my shadow.

There was a time indeed
they used to shake hands with their hearts:
but that’s gone, son.
Now they shake hands without hearts
while their left hands search
my empty pockets.

‘Feel at home!’ ‘Come again’:
they say, and when I come
again and feel
at home, once, twice,
there will be no thrice-
for then I find doors shut on me.

So I have learned many things, son.
I have learned to wear many faces
like dresses – homeface,
officeface, streetface, hostface,
cocktailface, with all their conforming smiles
like a fixed portrait smile.

And I have learned too
to laugh with only my teeth
and shake hands without my heart.
I have also learned to say,’Goodbye’,
when I mean ‘Good-riddance’:
to say ‘Glad to meet you’,
without being glad; and to say ‘It’s been
nice talking to you’, after being bored.

But believe me, son.
I want to be what I used to be
when I was like you. I want
to unlearn all these muting things.
Most of all, I want to relearn
how to laugh, for my laugh in the mirror
shows only my teeth like a snake’s bare fangs!

So show me, son,
how to laugh; show me how
I used to laugh and smile
once upon a time when I was like you.


 Summery of the poem:

The poem was written by the African poet Gabriel Ocara. In this poem we learn that the conversation between father and son. The poet deals with the influence of globalization, the so-called culture. Human life becomes mechanical and robotic life. Everyone runs after money. And in this race man becomes a robot.  Here in this poem the poet discusses that this relationship remains a formal formality, a lake of trust and a feeling of emotion. Smiles also become plastic smiles or artificial smiles. Humans do all these things just to do hospitality, charity and other things, not from their heart. People become formal formalities Some words are just to say like good bye, I enjoyed your company, enjoyed meeting you, come back and many other things are called for formal formality, not heart. People use to wear masks, we can call a human being a known face than we got this kind of dueling face. They change their clothes like changing emotion. The poetic man tells his son about his glorious past and present. The poet tries so that the past and the present connect, but also the life distance of father and son life. "At one point I was lying to you," says the father. The child is innocent and happy, his smile is original and he has enjoyed his life, while the father cannot do all these things from the heart. In the past even the father used to smile with his heart, but now he can’t smile with his heart, he smiles with his teeth. All these things have happened because of money and civility. The poetic man asked his son to teach me how to smile. He longs for real and real life but can't.  In this poem we have seen the influence of culture.



2) Were I to Choose :



“When Adam broke the stone

and red streams reged down to

gather in the womb,

an angel calmed the storm”,

“And I, the breath mewed

in Cain, unbliniking gaze

at the world without

from the brink of an age”.

"And O of this dark halo

were the tired head free.

And when the harmattan

of days has parched the throat

and skin, and sucked the fever

of the head away".

Then the massive dark descends, and flesh   

and bone are razed.

And I’d cheat the worms

and silence seek in stone”.


Summery of the poem :

Gabriel Ocara's "I had to choose" is reminiscent of the Yates. Adam's diligence in the land can be compared to the negroes working in the land. They broke the stone themselves which was their very foundation. The red currents are symbolic of the interlingual diversity that reaches the uterus of Africa. Ken figuratively represents the next pay represents. ‘I’ usually refers to a tribe in Okara’s poems. The poet suggests that he is trapped in the current pay generation and his identity crisis. The gaze of the previous pay generation does not move forward;  But hers does and for her, the world is watching from the edge. Written in the 1950s, the period of Nigerian independence, the poet mutes his ancestors તેમની their slavery, their developed lips and breasts with heart-wrenching anguish. His vision goes outwards and backwards. Smriti is like a thread going through her ears.

  The poem "I had to choose" is reminiscent of a fermented poem called "Adam's Curse".  The poet has tried to compare Adam's labor in the soil with the negroes working in the soil. They broke the stone themselves which was their very foundation. The red currents symbolize the interlingual diversity that the uterus reaches in Africa.


  In this poem Cain metaphorically represents the coming pay generation. ‘I’ usually refers to a tribe in Okara’s poems.  The poet implies that he is imprisoned in the present pay generation and the crisis of pay generation identity. Previous pay generations will not strike; But it does and is seen from the edge of the world. The poem is written in 1950, the period of Nigeria's independence, the poet looks at his ancestors - their slavery, their smoking lips, melting breasts with heart-wrenching anguish. The poet’s vision goes out and into the background.  Smriti is like a thread going through her ears.


  The poet compares Cain to a modern man, Cain was a conqueror and would surely die if he was caught by someone. The same is true of the modern illiterate man who does not achieve any goal. The poet, at the age of 31, is multilingual and thinks about the medium of his instruction. The Tower of Babel is a symbol of unity. When the 'Tower of Babel' was built, God cursed the people concerned.  People wanted to build a great tower showing unity and people stood around it in unity. They wanted to speak the same language, but God hated this fact. There is no proper foundation or constitution left. His world has turned to the 'world of bones'.


  The poet now seeks to free himself from this dark ‘halo’ prison that is generally considered ‘blessed’; But it feels dark.  Its conflict is not able to choose from different languages. It is torn in the middle of the world.  The poet speculates on his idea of ​​mixing with dust during the months of December to February in Nigeria. The throat is dry and he is unable to speak. He is dismayed that the flames of torture are burning his existence. The colonial period has made the poet a blend of European and African cultures, and now he finds himself in the land of a man. He has relieved the idea of ​​reconciling the crisis by taking refuge in the silence of the grave. He would then deceive the worms as he would enjoy the situation.


3) The Mystic Drum


The mystic drum beat in my inside

and fishes danced in the rivers a

nd men and women danced on land

to the rhythm of my drum


But standing behind a tree

with leaves around her waist

she only smiled with a shake of her head.


Still my drum continued to beat,

rippling the air with quickened

tempo compelling the quick

and the dead to dance and sing

with their shadows —


But standing behind a tree

with leaves around her waist

she only smiled with a shake of her head.


Then the drum beat with the rhythm

of the things of the ground

and invoked the eye of the sky

the sun and the moon and the river gods — 

and the trees began to dance,

the fishes turned men

and men turned fishes

and things stopped to grow —


But standing behind a tree

with leaves around her waist

she only smiled with a shake of her head.



And then the mystic drum in my

inside stopped to beat — 

and men became men,

fishes became fishes

and trees, the sun and the moon

found their places, and the dead

went to the ground and things began to grow.


And behind the tree

she stood with roots sprouting from her

feet and leaves growing on her head

and smoke issuing from her nose

and her lips parted in her smile

turned cavity belching darkness.


Then, then I packed my mystic drum

and turned away; never to beat so loud any more.


Summery of the poem:


This poem is written by Okra. The drum represents African culture. We can say that it connects with the heartbeat of the poetic personality. The lady who smiles is behind the tree and hints at a lot of things. He is an outsider. The lady thinks she has a richer culture, but in a real sense the immigrants do not have their own Culture. In this poem we see men, women and fish dancing to the beat of a drum. It shows the connection between nature and man, that they are dancing together. It also shows how powerful the mystic drum. African culture is connected to nature, mystical drums have begun to dance the sun, moon, river, gods and trees. The lady in the poem is also outsider and colonial. It is also behind the tree; It shows that trees and forests are being cut down due to the industrial revolution. The poetic man says that the mystic drum is no longer beaten loudly.  Due to industrial industrialization, African culture is slowly disappearing. That means other Westerners began to rule over Africans. We can say that woman is the embodiment of industrialization. This is the gift of colonialism and imperialism.  Industrial industrialization began by sucking the soil through their roots. The smoker from his lips indicates how much pollution is caused by industrial industrialization. In the poem we see that when the drums are beaten I become fish and the fish become men. But, when the mystic stops beating the drums, the males become males and the fish become fish. It reflects that life becomes dry and mechanical.


Conclusion :

  Thus, African poetry is full of emotions that suppress emotions. Somewhere it is a voice against the slavery system and somewhere it is about justice for everything. As we have discussed in this assignment we can conclude that African poetry has its own beauty although it is more about experiences of injustice.